9. Amines
рдЗрд╕ рдкреЗрдЬ рдкрд░ рдЖрдкрдХреЛ 9. Amines рдХреЗ рд╕рднреА рдорд╣рддреНрд╡рдкреВрд░реНрдг рдмрд╣реБрд╡рд┐рдХрд▓реНрдкреАрдп рдкреНрд░рд╢реНрди (MCQ), рдкрд░реАрдХреНрд╖рд╛ рдЙрдкрдпреЛрдЧреА рдиреЛрдЯреНрд╕ рдФрд░ рдСрдирд▓рд╛рдЗрди рдХреНрд╡рд┐рдЬрд╝ рдорд┐рд▓реЗрдВрдЧреЗред рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдЬреНрдЮрд╛рди рдХрд╛ рдкрд░реАрдХреНрд╖рдг рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдФрд░ рдмреЛрд░реНрдб/рдкреНрд░рддрд┐рдпреЛрдЧреА рдкрд░реАрдХреНрд╖рд╛ рдореЗрдВ рд╢рдд-рдкреНрд░рддрд┐рд╢рдд рдЕрдВрдХ рдкреНрд░рд╛рдкреНрдд рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдиреАрдЪреЗ рджрд┐рдП рдЧрдП рдореЙрдХ рдЯреЗрд╕реНрдЯ рдореЗрдВ рдЕрд╡рд╢реНрдп рднрд╛рдЧ рд▓реЗрдВред
ЁЯСЙ рдЕрдзреНрдпрд╛рдп рдХрд╛ рд╕рд╛рд░рд╛рдВрд╢ (Summary)
Dear students, in this chapter, we will embark on an exciting journey into 1 of the most crucial and fascinating branches of organic chemistry by studying a highly significant class of nitrogen-containing compounds known as Amines. If we wish to define amines in the simplest terms possible, they are essentially considered to be direct derivatives of ammonia. In these compounds, 1, 2, or 3 hydrogen atoms of the ammonia molecule are completely replaced by alkyl or aryl groups. Based entirely on the exact number of hydrogen atoms replaced, these compounds are logically classified into primary, secondary, and tertiary amines.
Science becomes incredibly interesting when we connect its theoretical concepts to our everyday real-life experiences and the modern medical world. Have you ever deeply wondered about the life-saving medicines you take when you fall sick? You will be surprised to know that many of them are actually amines or their complex derivatives. For example, the adrenaline hormone that rapidly increases our blood pressure during emergencies, and the antihistamine drugs we frequently take to cure severe allergies, are extremely vital amine compounds. Furthermore, when you visit a dentist to extract a painful tooth, the specific anesthetic injection named novocaine used to numb your gums is also an amine. In nature, a vast majority of naturally occurring alkaloids, essential vitamins, and biological proteins contain nitrogen as 1 major structural component, which massively elevates the practical importance of studying these specific compounds.
From the strict perspective of your upcoming NCERT and RBSE board exams, this chapter is exceptionally important and guarantees high marks if understood logically. Board examiners consistently ask conceptual and analytical questions from this chapter every single year. In this chapter, we will 1st thoroughly understand the IUPAC nomenclature system and the detailed molecular structure of amines. Following this, we will dive deep into the various chemical methods utilized for their preparation. Name reactions such as the Gabriel phthalimide synthesis and the Hoffmann bromamide degradation reaction form the absolute core of this chapter, and direct questions based on them are a staple in board examinations.
Moving further into the chapter, we will logically analyze the physical and chemical properties of these compounds. The basic nature of amines is 1 highly favored topic for exams. We will systematically learn exactly how the electron-donating inductive effect of alkyl groups, complex steric hindrance, and the solvation effect collectively determine the basic strength of amines in aqueous solutions and gaseous states. To practically distinguish between primary, secondary, and tertiary amines in a chemical laboratory, we will study the famous Hinsberg test and the Carbylamine reaction, which produces a very sharp and highly unpleasant odor. Finally, we will closely examine the preparation and massive synthetic utility of diazonium salts. Understanding the Sandmeyer reaction will show you exactly how these salts act as brilliant intermediates for synthesizing a wide variety of aromatic compounds.
To ensure your 100 percent strong preparation, we have carefully curated these accurate and strictly exam-oriented objective questions. These targeted questions will not only help clear your theoretical concepts completely but will also massively increase your self-confidence and your exact answering accuracy in the final examination hall.
Feature: This is 1 unique 3-Level based quiz. To unlock the next level (Level 2 and 3), students must score at least 70% in the current level, which makes their board exam preparation 100% strong.
рдорд╣рддреНрд╡рдкреВрд░реНрдг рдкреНрд░рд╢реНрди (Important Questions)
PDF рдбрд╛рдЙрдирд▓реЛрдб рдХрд░реЗрдВрдЕрдзреНрдпрд╛рдп рдХреЗ рд╕рднреА рдкреНрд░рд╢реНрди (Revision Notes)
*рдиреЛрдЯ: рдпрд╣ рд╕реЗрдХреНрд╢рди рд░рд┐рд╡реАрдЬрди рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рд╣реИред рдЕрдкрдирд╛ рдЬреНрдЮрд╛рди рдкрд░рдЦрдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдКрдкрд░ рджрд┐рдП рдЧрдП рдХреНрд╡рд┐рдЬрд╝ рдореЗрдВ рднрд╛рдЧ рд▓реЗрдВред
-
Which compound is used as an anesthetic in dentistry?
A) Adrenaline | B) Novocain | C) Benadryl | D) None of these -
What is the hybridization of the nitrogen atom in amines?
A) sp | B) sp2 | C) sp3 | D) sp3d -
What is Hinsberg's reagent?
A) Benzenesulfonyl chloride | B) Benzenediazonium chloride | C) p-Hydroxyazobenzene | D) CuSO4 solution -
The process of cleavage of the C-X bond by ammonia molecule is called?
A) Hydration | B) Hydrolysis | C) Ammonolysis | D) Coupling reaction -
Which of the following is a primary (1┬░) amine?
A) Aniline | B) Dimethylamine | C) Trimethylamine | D) N-Methylethanamine -
What is the main reason for the lower solubility of aniline in water?
A) sp2 hybridization of N | B) Large size of the phenyl group | C) sp3 hybridization of N | D) None of these -
What is the nature of amines?
A) Acidic | B) Basic | C) Neutral | D) Amphoteric -
What will be the IUPAC name of CH3-NH-CH3?
A) Dimethylamine | B) N-Methylmethanamine | C) Methanamine | D) Ethanamine -
Compared to ammonia (NH3), what kind of base is methylamine (CH3NH2)?
A) Weaker | B) Stronger | C) Equal | D) Acidic -
Which amines are primarily prepared by Gabriel phthalimide synthesis?
A) 1┬░ Aliphatic amines | B) 2┬░ Amines | C) 3┬░ Amines | D) Aromatic amines -
Which of the following will be the most volatile?
A) 1┬░ Amine | B) 2┬░ Amine | C) 3┬░ Amine | D) All are equally volatile -
Due to the polarity of the N-H bond in amines, which type of bond do they form?
A) Ionic bond | B) Covalent bond | C) Hydrogen bond | D) Van der Waals forces -
What is the IUPAC name of (CH3)3N?
A) Trimethylamine | B) N,N-Dimethylmethanamine | C) Methanamine | D) Ethanamine -
Which is the simplest member of aromatic amines?
A) Aniline | B) Benzylamine | C) Methylamine | D) Nitrobenzene -
Which catalyst is used in Gattermann reaction?
A) Iron powder | B) Copper (Cu) powder | C) Zinc powder | D) Cu2Cl2 -
How many carbon atoms are reduced in the Hoffmann bromamide degradation reaction?
A) 0 | B) 1 | C) 2 | D) 3 -
What is the general formula of alkyl amines?
A) CnH2n+1NH2 | B) CnH2nNH2 | C) CnH2n+2NH2 | D) None of these -
Which of the following is an ambident nucleophile?
A) CN- | B) OH- | C) NH2- | D) Cl- -
What is obtained by the reduction of nitrobenzene (Sn/HCl)?
A) Aniline | B) Azobenzene | C) Phenylhydrazine | D) Phenol -
How is the odor of the mixture of a primary amine and chloroform?
A) Sweet | B) Fruity | C) Offensive (Foul-smelling) | D) Odorless -
The reaction of a primary amine with chloroform and alcoholic KOH is called?
A) Gabriel phthalimide synthesis | B) Carbylamine reaction | C) Hoffmann bromamide | D) Stephen reaction -
What is the role of pyridine in the acylation of amines?
A) To remove HCl and shift equilibrium to the right | B) To form bonds | C) To make it acidic | D) None of these -
Which of the following reacts with nitrous acid to form an alcohol?
A) Methylamine | B) Dimethylaniline | C) Trimethylamine | D) Diethylamine -
2┬░ amines react with nitrous acid to form a yellow oily layer (nitrosamine). This test is known as?
A) Liebermann's nitroso reaction | B) Carbylamine test | C) Hinsberg's test | D) Mulliken's test -
Which of the following does not react with Hinsberg's reagent?
A) Methylamine | B) Dimethylaniline | C) Trimethylamine | D) Aniline -
Which amine reacts with Hinsberg's reagent to form a product insoluble in alkali?
A) 1┬░ Amine | B) 2┬░ Amine | C) 3┬░ Amine | D) Aniline -
Why does direct nitration of aniline yield m-nitroaniline as a significant product?
A) -NH2 group is activating | B) Anilinium ion is formed in acidic medium (m-directing) | C) Due to resonance | D) None of these -
Which reagent reacts with acetamide to yield methanamine?
A) CHCl3 + KOH | B) Br2 + NaOH | C) PCl5 | D) Conc. H2SO4 -
The correct order of basicity of methyl-substituted amines in aqueous solution is?
A) 2┬░ > 1┬░ > 3┬░ > NH3 | B) 2┬░ > 3┬░ > 1┬░ > NH3 | C) 3┬░ > 2┬░ > 1┬░ > NH3 | D) 1┬░ > 2┬░ > 3┬░ > NH3 -
Why is aromatic amine (Aniline) a weaker base than aliphatic amine?
A) +I effect | B) Resonance | C) Large size | D) High molecular weight -
The reaction of benzenediazonium chloride with KI yields?
A) Iodobenzene | B) Chlorobenzene | C) Phenol | D) Benzene -
The carbylamine reaction is used as a test for?
A) 1┬░ Amines | B) 2┬░ Amines | C) 3┬░ Amines | D) Phenols -
Bromination of aniline in aqueous medium yields?
A) 2,4,6-Tribromoaniline | B) p-Bromoaniline | C) o-Bromoaniline | D) m-Bromoaniline -
The reagent used in Sandmeyer's reaction is?
A) CuCl/HCl | B) Cu powder/HCl | C) Na/ether | D) Zn/HCl -
Acylation of amines is carried out using?
A) Acid chlorides or anhydrides | B) Alcohols | C) Ethers | D) Aldehydes -
Reduction of benzenediazonium chloride by H3PO2 yields?
A) Benzene | B) Phenol | C) Aniline | D) Nitrobenzene -
Which of the following compounds will give the carbylamine test?
A) C6H5NH2 | B) (CH3)2NH | C) C6H5N(CH3)2 | D) (CH3)3N -
Acetylation of aniline affects its activating effect by?
A) Increasing it | B) Decreasing it | C) Keeping it constant | D) Making it zero -
The increasing order of basic strength (in gas phase) is:
A) NH3 < 1┬░ < 2┬░ < 3┬░ | B) 3┬░ < 2┬░ < 1┬░ < NH3 | C) 2┬░ < 1┬░ < 3┬░ < NH3 | D) 1┬░ < 3┬░ < 2┬░ < NH3 -
Which of the following groups is m-directing?
A) -NH2 | B) -NHR | C) -NHCOCH3 | D) -NO2 -
Which is the most basic in the gaseous state?
A) CH3NH2 | B) (CH3)2NH | C) NH3 | D) (CH3)3N -
Which will have the maximum bond angle?
A) Ammonia | B) Methylamine | C) Dimethylamine | D) Trimethylamine -
Which will have the highest boiling point?
A) Methylamine | B) Ethylamine | C) n-Propylamine | D) n-Butylamine -
The correct order of basicity of ethylamines in aqueous medium is?
A) 2┬░ > 3┬░ > 1┬░ > NH3 | B) 2┬░ > 1┬░ > 3┬░ > NH3 | C) 3┬░ > 2┬░ > 1┬░ > NH3 | D) 1┬░ > 2┬░ > 3┬░ > NH3 -
Reaction of benzenediazonium chloride with phenol yields?
A) Orange dye | B) Yellow dye | C) Red dye | D) Blue dye -
Methanamine + NaNO2 + HCl тЖТ Product 'A'. Product 'A' is?
A) CH3OH | B) CH3Cl | C) CH3-N=N-CH3 | D) CH4 -
Complete the equation: R-NH2 + CHCl3 + 3KOH тЖТ ? + 3KCl + 3H2O
A) R-NC | B) R-CN | C) R-OH | D) R-Cl -
Boiling benzenediazonium chloride with water yields?
A) Benzene | B) Phenol | C) Aniline | D) Chlorobenzene -
Which is most reactive towards the Hoffmann carbylamine reaction?
A) C6H5NH2 | B) CH3NH2 | C) C2H5NH2 | D) All of these -
Which of the following compounds does not form a colored azo dye?
A) Aniline | B) N,N-Dimethylaniline | C) Benzenesulfonic acid | D) Phenol -
The correct order of pKa values (increasing basicity) is:
A) Ammonia < Aniline < Methylamine | B) Aniline < Ammonia < Methylamine | C) Methylamine < Ammonia < Aniline | D) None of these -
Reaction of aniline with CH3COCl yields product 'A'. What is 'A'?
A) Acetanilide | B) Nitroaniline | C) Benzene | D) Phenol -
The test for 1┬░ amines is possible by?
A) FeCl3 | B) Br2/H2O | C) CHCl3 + alc. KOH | D) Lucas reagent -
Benzenediazonium chloride + CuCN/KCN тЖТ Product 'A'. 'A' is?
A) Benzonitrile | B) Phenyl isocyanide | C) Benzene | D) Benzoic acid -
What intermediate is formed in the oxidation of primary amines by nitrous acid?
A) Carbocation | B) Diazonium ion | C) Free radical | D) Carbene -
Which of the following compounds will be most soluble in water?
A) Methylamine | B) Dimethylaniline | C) Trimethylamine | D) Aniline -
Sulfonation of aniline (H2SO4, 453-473K) mainly yields?
A) Sulfanilic acid | B) o-Aminobenzenesulfonic acid | C) m-Aminobenzenesulfonic acid | D) Benzene -
What type of reaction is the coupling of diazonium salts?
A) Nucleophilic substitution | B) Electrophilic substitution | C) Free radical substitution | D) None of these -
Complete the equation: R-CONH2 + Br2 + 4NaOH тЖТ ?
A) R-NH2 | B) R-CH2NH2 | C) R-NH-CH3 | D) None of these -
What will be obtained when benzenediazonium chloride is treated with fluoroboric acid (HBF4) and heated?
A) Fluorobenzene | B) Benzene | C) Phenol | D) Chlorobenzene
0
0
0%
рдЕрдкрдирд╛ рд╕реБрдЭрд╛рд╡ рджреЗрдВ (Feedback)
рд╡реЗрдмрд╕рд╛рдЗрдЯ рдХреЛ рдФрд░ рдмреЗрд╣рддрд░ рдмрдирд╛рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рд╡рд┐рдЪрд╛рд░ рд╣рдореЗрдВ рднреЗрдЬреЗрдВред