7. Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
рдЗрд╕ рдкреЗрдЬ рдкрд░ рдЖрдкрдХреЛ 7. Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers рдХреЗ рд╕рднреА рдорд╣рддреНрд╡рдкреВрд░реНрдг рдмрд╣реБрд╡рд┐рдХрд▓реНрдкреАрдп рдкреНрд░рд╢реНрди (MCQ), рдкрд░реАрдХреНрд╖рд╛ рдЙрдкрдпреЛрдЧреА рдиреЛрдЯреНрд╕ рдФрд░ рдСрдирд▓рд╛рдЗрди рдХреНрд╡рд┐рдЬрд╝ рдорд┐рд▓реЗрдВрдЧреЗред рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдЬреНрдЮрд╛рди рдХрд╛ рдкрд░реАрдХреНрд╖рдг рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдФрд░ рдмреЛрд░реНрдб/рдкреНрд░рддрд┐рдпреЛрдЧреА рдкрд░реАрдХреНрд╖рд╛ рдореЗрдВ рд╢рдд-рдкреНрд░рддрд┐рд╢рдд рдЕрдВрдХ рдкреНрд░рд╛рдкреНрдд рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдиреАрдЪреЗ рджрд┐рдП рдЧрдП рдореЙрдХ рдЯреЗрд╕реНрдЯ рдореЗрдВ рдЕрд╡рд╢реНрдп рднрд╛рдЧ рд▓реЗрдВред
ЁЯСЙ рдЕрдзреНрдпрд╛рдп рдХрд╛ рд╕рд╛рд░рд╛рдВрд╢ (Summary)
Dear students, in this chapter, we will thoroughly explore 3 highly significant and practically useful classes of organic compoundsтАФAlcohols, Phenols, and Ethers. When we replace 1 or more hydrogen atoms of an aliphatic hydrocarbon with a hydroxyl group, the resulting compounds are alcohols. If this exact replacement occurs on an aromatic ring, the newly formed compounds are phenols. Ethers represent a unique class of organic compounds where 1 oxygen atom is directly bonded to 2 alkyl or aryl groups.
Science is never truly understood unless we connect it to our everyday lives. If you observe carefully, you will find these chemical compounds everywhere around you. For instance, the hand sanitizers we used excessively contained ethanol, which is 1 extremely common type of alcohol. In hospitals and our homes, the phenyl utilized to clean floors and destroy harmful bacteria is chemically a specific derivative of phenol. Furthermore, in the medical field, diethyl ether was utilized for many decades as 1 highly effective anesthetic to keep patients unconscious before major surgeries. Even the wooden polish used on our furniture, various cough syrups, our perfumes, and multiple life-saving medicines heavily depend on these 3 classes of organic compounds for their manufacturing.
From the strict perspective of your upcoming NCERT and RBSE board exams, this chapter is incredibly scoring and holds immense academic importance. In the final board examinations, analytical and conceptual questions based on IUPAC nomenclature, specific methods of preparation, and various identification tests are guaranteed to appear every single year. In our detailed journey through this chapter, we will 1st understand the logical classification of alcohols and their industrial preparation methods. We will systematically learn exactly how alcohols are synthesized through the hydration of alkenes and the catalytic reduction of carbonyl compounds.
Moving further into the chapter, the physical properties of these compounds are genuinely fascinating, particularly the crucial concept of intermolecular hydrogen bonding. It is this hydrogen bonding that scientifically explains why the boiling points of alcohols are so exceptionally high when compared to other hydrocarbons of similar molecular mass, and why they readily dissolve in water. To distinctly differentiate between primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols in a laboratory, studying the famous Lucas Test is an absolute must, as direct objective questions are frequently asked on this topic in board exams. We will also logically analyze the acidic nature of phenols using resonance structures.
Understanding why phenols exhibit much greater acidity than normal alcohols is a top-scoring board exam concept. The 2 most famous name reactions associated with phenolsтАФthe Kolbe reaction, used to manufacture the painkiller Aspirin, and the Reimer-Tiemann reactionтАФare highly crucial for your preparation. Finally, we will study the Williamson synthesis method, which is the best laboratory technique for efficiently preparing symmetrical and unsymmetrical ethers. We will also observe the cleavage of the C-O bond in ethers.
To ensure your 100 percent strong preparation, we have carefully selected these accurate and strictly exam-oriented objective questions. These targeted questions will not only help clear your theoretical concepts completely but will also massively increase your self-confidence and your exact answering accuracy in the examination hall.
Feature: This is 1 unique 3-Level based quiz. To unlock the next level (Level 2 and 3), students must score at least 70% in the current level, which makes their board exam preparation 100% strong.
рдорд╣рддреНрд╡рдкреВрд░реНрдг рдкреНрд░рд╢реНрди (Important Questions)
PDF рдбрд╛рдЙрдирд▓реЛрдб рдХрд░реЗрдВрдЕрдзреНрдпрд╛рдп рдХреЗ рд╕рднреА рдкреНрд░рд╢реНрди (Revision Notes)
*рдиреЛрдЯ: рдпрд╣ рд╕реЗрдХреНрд╢рди рд░рд┐рд╡реАрдЬрди рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рд╣реИред рдЕрдкрдирд╛ рдЬреНрдЮрд╛рди рдкрд░рдЦрдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдКрдкрд░ рджрд┐рдП рдЧрдП рдХреНрд╡рд┐рдЬрд╝ рдореЗрдВ рднрд╛рдЧ рд▓реЗрдВред
-
Which of the following is called Wood Spirit?
A) Methanol | B) Ethanol | C) Propanol | D) Butanol -
Why is the denaturation of ethanol done?
A) To increase temperature | B) To make it unfit for drinking | C) To make fuel | D) To convert it to methanol -
Which of the following is not included in power alcohol?
A) Petrol | B) Ethanol | C) Phenol | D) Benzene -
Which enzyme converts glucose into ethanol?
A) Zymase | B) Invertase | C) Pepsin | D) Rennin -
What is the IUPAC name of Picric acid?
A) 2,4,6-trinitrophenol | B) 2,4-dinitrophenol | C) 2-nitrophenol | D) 2-nitrobenzoic acid -
Due to H-bonding in alcohols, their boiling point compared to other hydrocarbons is?
A) Lower | B) Higher | C) Equal | D) Zero -
What is mainly used to prepare formaldehyde?
A) Methanol | B) Ethanol | C) Propanol | D) Butanol -
What is the main reason for the solubility of alcohols in water?
A) Covalent bond | B) Hydrogen bond | C) Ionic bond | D) Van der Waals forces -
Which of the following is the formula of ethyl alcohol?
A) CH3OH | B) C2H5OH | C) C3H7OH | D) C4H9OH -
Heating phenol with zinc dust gives?
A) Benzene | B) Toluene | C) Aniline | D) Acetone -
What is the general formula of ethers?
A) R-OH | B) R-O-R | C) R-CHO | D) R-CO-R -
The correct order of acidic strength is?
A) Ethanol < Water < Phenol | B) Water < Ethanol < Phenol | C) Phenol < Water < Ethanol | D) Ethanol < Phenol < Water -
The chemical name of Aspirin is?
A) Salicylic acid | B) Phenol | C) Acetylsalicylic acid | D) Methyl salicylate -
On increasing molecular weight, the solubility of alcohols in water?
A) Increases | B) Decreases | C) Remains constant | D) None -
What is the IUPAC name of methyl isopropyl ether?
A) 1-Methoxypropane | B) 2-Methoxypropane | C) Methoxyethane | D) 2-Methoxybutane -
The functional group of alcohol is?
A) -CHO | B) -OH | C) -COOH | D) -CO- -
What is the nature of phenol?
A) Basic | B) Acidic | C) Neutral | D) Amphoteric -
Reacting methanol with thionyl chloride (SOCl2) yields?
A) Formaldehyde | B) Acetone | C) Methyl chloride | D) Ethyl chloride -
How many lone pairs of electrons are present on the oxygen atom in ethers?
A) 1 | B) 2 | C) 3 | D) 4 -
Which of the following alcohols is called 'Grain Alcohol'?
A) Methanol | B) Ethanol | C) Propanol | D) Glycerol -
Which isomer of butanol will have the lowest boiling point?
A) n-Butyl alcohol | B) Isobutyl alcohol | C) 2┬░ Butyl alcohol | D) 3┬░ Butyl alcohol -
Formaldehyde reacts with Grignard reagent to give?
A) 1┬░ Alcohol | B) 2┬░ Alcohol | C) 3┬░ Alcohol | D) All of the above -
What is obtained by the reduction of acetaldehyde with Pd/H2?
A) Ethanol | B) Methanol | C) Propanol | D) Propanone -
What is obtained by the reduction of acetone with NaBH4?
A) Isopropyl alcohol | B) n-Propyl alcohol | C) Isobutyl alcohol | D) Propionaldehyde -
The reaction of a ketone with Grignard reagent yields?
A) Primary alcohol | B) Secondary alcohol | C) Tertiary alcohol | D) Ester -
The correct order of ease of dehydration of alcohols is?
A) 3┬░ > 2┬░ > 1┬░ | B) 1┬░ > 2┬░ > 3┬░ | C) 3┬░ > 1┬░ > 2┬░ | D) 2┬░ > 3┬░ > 1┬░ -
Which alkyl halide is best for Williamson ether synthesis?
A) 3┬░ | B) 1┬░ | C) 2┬░ | D) All are equally good -
What is formed from phenol in the Reimer-Tiemann reaction?
A) Salicylic acid | B) Salicylaldehyde | C) Benzoic acid | D) Acetone -
Which is suitable for the oxidation of a primary alcohol to an aldehyde?
A) CrO3 | B) PCC | C) Acidic KMnO4 | D) Alkaline KMnO4 -
Oxidation of a secondary alcohol with CrO3 yields?
A) Aldehyde | B) Ketone | C) Ether | D) Amine -
Which does not react with Lucas reagent at room temperature?
A) 3┬░ Alcohol | B) 2┬░ Alcohol | C) 1┬░ Alcohol | D) None -
Which of the following will have the highest boiling point?
A) Methoxymethane | B) Ethyl alcohol | C) Acetaldehyde | D) Acetone -
What is obtained from the hydrolysis of an ester?
A) Alcohol + Acid | B) Ketone + Acid | C) Ether + Alcohol | D) Only Alcohol -
The main product in Kolbe's reaction is?
A) Salicylic acid | B) Salicylaldehyde | C) Picric acid | D) Benzene -
Cleavage of ethers with dry HI yields?
A) R-I + R-OH | B) R-H + R-OH | C) R-I + R-I | D) R-O-I -
Bromination of phenol in the presence of CS2 yields?
A) 2,4,6-Tribromophenol | B) o- and p-Bromophenol | C) m-Bromophenol | D) Benzene -
The acidic nature of alcohols is due to the cleavage of which bond?
A) C-O bond | B) O-H bond | C) C-H bond | D) C-C bond -
What is the by-product in the production of phenol by the Cumene process?
A) Ethanol | B) Acetone | C) Methanol | D) Ether -
Passing the vapors of a 2┬░ alcohol over Cu at 573K gives?
A) Aldehyde | B) Ketone | C) Alkene | D) Acid -
Which of the following ethers is symmetrical?
A) CH3-O-C2H5 | B) C2H5-O-C2H5 | C) CH3-O-C3H7 | D) C6H5-O-CH3 -
Propene + HBr тЖТ A, A + aqueous KOH тЖТ B. What is product B?
A) n-Propyl bromide | B) Isopropyl alcohol | C) n-Propyl alcohol | D) Acetone -
Which will have the highest pKa value (least acidic)?
A) Cresol | B) Phenol | C) 3-Nitrophenol | D) 4-Nitrophenol -
Which will be the most acidic alcohol?
A) 1┬░ Alcohol | B) 2┬░ Alcohol | C) 3┬░ Alcohol | D) All are equally acidic -
Dehydration of a tertiary alcohol over Cu/573K yields?
A) Aldehyde | B) Ketone | C) Alkene (Isobutylene) | D) Acid -
Wilkinson's catalyst is used for?
A) Oxidation | B) Reduction | C) Hydrogenation | D) Dehydration -
Reaction of 3┬░ butyl chloride with sodium ethoxide yields?
A) Ether | B) Isobutylene (Alkene) | C) Butyl alcohol | D) Butane -
Oxidation of phenol by Na2Cr2O7/H2SO4 yields?
A) Benzoquinone | B) Catechol | C) Quinol | D) Benzoic acid -
The final product of the reaction of a primary alcohol with acidic KMnO4 is?
A) Aldehyde | B) Ketone | C) Carboxylic acid | D) Ester -
Leaving diethyl ether open in the air forms?
A) Alcohol | B) Explosive peroxides | C) Acetone | D) Aldehyde -
Phenol reacts with concentrated HNO3 to form?
A) o-Nitrophenol | B) p-Nitrophenol | C) Picric acid | D) Nitrobenzene -
What is the IUPAC name of Glycerol?
A) Propane-1,2-diol | B) Propane-1,2,3-triol | C) Propan-1-ol | D) Ethane-1,2-diol -
Dehydration of alcohols by concentrated H2SO4 at 413K gives?
A) Alkene | B) Ether | C) Aldehyde | D) Ketone -
Which cresol is the most acidic?
A) m-Cresol | B) o-Cresol | C) p-Cresol | D) All are equally acidic -
Walden inversion in SN2 mechanism with aqueous KOH will occur in?
A) 1┬░ halide | B) 3┬░ halide | C) Both | D) None -
The 'intermediate' formed when phenol reacts with chloroform + NaOH is?
A) Carbene (:CCl2) | B) Carbocation | C) Free radical | D) Carbanion -
Why is the boiling point of an ether lower than its corresponding alcohol?
A) Absence of H-bonding | B) Lower molecular weight | C) Non-polar nature | D) Branching -
On increasing branching, the solubility of alcohols in water?
A) Decreases | B) Increases | C) Remains constant | D) Becomes zero -
Which is the best reagent to convert propan-2-ol into propanone?
A) KMnO4 | B) LiAlH4 | C) Cu/573K | D) Aqueous KOH -
What is Fenton's reagent?
A) FeSO4 + H2O2 | B) Zn + HCl | C) Sn + HCl | D) Pd + BaSO4 -
The reaction of an ether with PCl5 yields?
A) R-Cl | B) R-OH | C) R-H | D) POCl3
0
0
0%
рдЕрдкрдирд╛ рд╕реБрдЭрд╛рд╡ рджреЗрдВ (Feedback)
рд╡реЗрдмрд╕рд╛рдЗрдЯ рдХреЛ рдФрд░ рдмреЗрд╣рддрд░ рдмрдирд╛рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рд╡рд┐рдЪрд╛рд░ рд╣рдореЗрдВ рднреЗрдЬреЗрдВред