3. Reproductive Health

*नोट: यह सेक्शन रिवीजन के लिए है। अपना ज्ञान परखने के लिए ऊपर दिए गए क्विज़ में भाग लें।

1. When was the 'Family Planning' program started in India?
   A) 1947  |  B) 1951  |  C) 1961  |  D) 1971
2. What is the full form of MTP?
   A) Medical Termination of Pregnancy  |  B) Manual Termination of Protoplasm  |  C) Medical Training for Professionals  |  D) None
3. What does IUD stand for?
   A) Intra Uterine Devices  |  B) Intra Uterine Development  |  C) Inter Uterine Devices  |  D) In Vitro Development
4. Oral contraceptive pills are generally composed of?
   A) Only Estrogen  |  B) Progesterone or Progesterone-Estrogen mixture  |  C) Only Vitamins  |  D) Sugar pills
5. Which of the following is a natural contraceptive method?
   A) Copper-T  |  B) Sterilization  |  C) Coitus interruptus  |  D) Condom
6. Reproductive health means total well-being in all aspects of reproduction; who gave this definition?
   A) UNESCO  |  B) WHO  |  C) UNICEF  |  D) ICMR
7. Up to how many weeks is MTP considered safe?
   A) 12 weeks  |  B) 20 weeks  |  C) 25 weeks  |  D) 8 weeks
8. Which of the following is NOT a Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI)?
   A) AIDS  |  B) Gonorrhoea  |  C) Cancer  |  D) Syphilis
9. When is World Population Day celebrated?
   A) June 5  |  B) July 11  |  C) December 1  |  D) April 22
10. Legally, Amniocentesis technique can be used for?
    A) Sex determination  |  B) Detection of genetic disorders  |  C) Abortion  |  D) None
11. Condition of natural contraception in breastfeeding mothers is called?
    A) Menarche  |  B) Lactational amenorrhea  |  C) Menopause  |  D) Sterilization
12. What is the process of female sterilization called?
    A) Vasectomy  |  B) Tubectomy  |  C) Hysterectomy  |  D) None
13. Why is the use of condoms increasing?
    A) It is a contraceptive  |  B) It protects from STIs and AIDS  |  C) It provides privacy  |  D) All of the above
14. The STD that is not completely curable?
    A) Gonorrhoea  |  B) Syphilis  |  C) Genital herpes  |  D) Trichomoniasis
15. What is the main objective of the RCH program?
    A) Providing reproductive facilities  |  B) Child healthcare  |  C) Creating awareness  |  D) All of the above
16. What is the main function of copper ions in Copper-T (CuT)?
    A) Stop ovulation  |  B) Decrease sperm motility  |  C) Destroy eggs  |  D) None
17. An ideal contraceptive should be?
    A) User-friendly  |  B) Cheap and easily available  |  C) Effective  |  D) All of the above
18. Approximately what was India's population according to the 2011 census?
    A) 100 crore  |  B) 121 crore (1.2 billion)  |  C) 150 crore  |  D) 80 crore
19. How is AIDS spread?
    A) Handshake  |  B) Infected blood and sexual contact  |  C) Eating together  |  D) Mosquito bite
20. What is the full form of ART?
    A) Assisted Reproductive Technologies  |  B) Artificial Reproductive Tests  |  C) Average Reproductive Time  |  D) None
21. Assertion (A): 'Saheli' is a highly effective contraceptive pill. Reason (R): It is a non-steroidal pill taken once a week.
    A) Both A and R are true, R is correct explanation  |  B) Both A and R are true, R is not correct explanation  |  C) A is true, R is false  |  D) A is false, R is true
22. How do copper-releasing IUDs (like Multiload 375) work?
    A) Releasing hormones  |  B) Increasing phagocytosis of sperms  |  C) Blocking eggs  |  D) None
23. What is the effect of hormone-releasing IUDs (like LNG-20)?
    A) Makes uterus unsuitable for implantation  |  B) Kills sperms  |  C) Increases ovulation  |  D) Dries semen
24. In cases of infertility, what is done in 'IVF' technique?
    A) In vitro fertilization (outside the body)  |  B) In vivo fertilization  |  C) Only drug treatment  |  D) None
25. What is the most effective way to avoid STIs?
    A) Avoiding unprotected sex with unknown partners  |  B) Regular use of condoms  |  C) Visiting a doctor immediately if suspicious  |  D) All of the above
26. What are the legal marriage ages for females and males in India respectively?
    A) 18 and 21 years  |  B) 15 and 18 years  |  C) 21 and 25 years  |  D) 18 and 18 years
27. Assertion (A): Amniocentesis is banned in India. Reason (R): It is misused for sex determination leading to female foeticide.
    A) Both A and R are true, R is correct explanation  |  B) Both A and R are true, R is not correct explanation  |  C) A is true, R is false  |  D) Both false
28. According to MTP Amendment Act 2017, how many opinions are needed for a pregnancy over 20 weeks?
    A) One doctor  |  B) Two registered doctors  |  C) None  |  D) Five doctors
29. How long can the Lactational amenorrhea method be effective?
    A) 9 months  |  B) 6 months (Maximum)  |  C) 1 year  |  D) 2 years
30. Examples of barrier methods are?
    A) Condoms  |  B) Diaphragms  |  C) Vaults  |  D) All of the above
31. Why is sterilization (Vasectomy/Tubectomy) called a 'permanent method'?
    A) Because reversibility is very poor  |  B) Because it is 100% successful  |  C) Because it has no cost  |  D) Both A and B
32. What is the causative bacteria of Syphilis?
    A) Treponema pallidum  |  B) Neisseria gonorrhoeae  |  C) HIV  |  D) Plasmodium
33. In which Indian institute was the 'Saheli' pill developed?
    A) CDRI, Lucknow  |  B) AIIMS, Delhi  |  C) ICMR, Mumbai  |  D) IVRI, Bareilly
34. What is transferred in the 'GIFT' method for infertility?
    A) Zygote  |  B) Gamete into the fallopian tube  |  C) Embryo into the uterus  |  D) None
35. How do hormonal contraceptives work?
    A) Inhibiting ovulation  |  B) Inhibiting implantation  |  C) Altering cervix mucus quality  |  D) All of the above
36. Assertion (A): All STIs are not completely curable. Reason (R): Hepatitis-B, Genital herpes, and AIDS currently have no complete cure.
    A) Both A and R are true, R is correct explanation  |  B) Both A and R are true, R is not correct explanation  |  C) A is true, R is false  |  D) A is false, R is true
37. Cervical caps are used to cover which organ?
    A) Vagina  |  B) Cervix  |  C) Ovary  |  D) Fallopian tube
38. At what stage is the embryo transferred in the ZIFT technique?
    A) Up to 8 blastomeres (into fallopian tube)  |  B) 32 blastomeres (into uterus)  |  C) Only sperms  |  D) None
39. Is the use of contraceptives a health right?
    A) Yes  |  B) No  |  C) Only in some countries  |  D) Controversial
40. The main reason for Population Explosion is?
    A) Decline in death rate  |  B) Decline in maternal mortality rate (MMR)  |  C) Decline in infant mortality rate (IMR)  |  D) All of the above
41. What does 'ICSI' stand for during IVF?
    A) Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection  |  B) Inter Cellular Sperm Injection  |  C) Internal Cytoplasmic Study  |  D) None
42. If a male has a very low sperm count (Oligospermia), which technique is suitable?
    A) GIFT  |  B) AI (Artificial Insemination)  |  C) ZIFT  |  D) MTP
43. How can Hepatitis-B be transmitted?
    A) Sexual contact  |  B) Infected needles  |  C) From infected mother to fetus  |  D) All of the above
44. In which is Genetic Polymorphism NOT used (though relevant for testing)?
    A) DNA fingerprinting  |  B) Sex determination  |  C) Disease diagnosis  |  D) None
45. Early symptoms of STIs can be?
    A) Itching and fluid discharge  |  B) Slight pain and swelling  |  C) Both A and B  |  D) Sudden weight gain
46. For a couple where the female's fallopian tubes are blocked, the best method is?
    A) IUI  |  B) GIFT  |  C) IVF and ET (Embryo Transfer)  |  D) Sterilization
47. Steps taken by the government to reduce population growth rate are?
    A) Raising marriage age  |  B) Incentivizing small families  |  C) Slogan of 'Hum Do Hamare Do'  |  D) All of the above
48. Up to when is MTP legally valid (in specific circumstances)?
    A) 12 weeks  |  B) 24 weeks (Revised rules)  |  C) 36 weeks  |  D) Anytime
49. What is an emergency contraceptive method after implantation?
    A) Use of IUDs within 72 hours  |  B) MTP  |  C) Sterilization  |  D) None
50. Complications caused by STDs in the future are?
    A) Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)  |  B) Abortion  |  C) Ectopic pregnancy  |  D) All of the above
51. When is IUI (Intra-uterine insemination) used?
    A) When sperms cannot reach the ovum  |  B) When ova are not produced  |  C) When mother is ill  |  D) None
52. Is condom use necessary during oral sex?
    A) Yes, to avoid STIs  |  B) No  |  C) Only for unwanted pregnancy  |  D) Don't know
53. Chlamydiasis is what type of infection?
    A) Bacterial  |  B) Viral  |  C) Fungal  |  D) Protozoan
54. What is the main active ingredient in the pill 'Saheli'?
    A) Centchroman  |  B) Progesterone  |  C) Estrogen  |  D) Insulin
55. Ectopic Pregnancy means?
    A) Embryo development outside the uterus  |  B) Twin babies  |  C) Preterm delivery  |  D) None
56. Relation between Innate immunity and reproductive health is?
    A) It protects genitals from infection  |  B) It has no relation  |  C) It is only in males  |  D) None
57. Test tube baby means?
    A) Baby grows in a test tube  |  B) Fertilization outside and development inside the body  |  C) Both fertilization and development outside  |  D) None
58. The study of population is called?
    A) Demography  |  B) Biography  |  C) Anthropology  |  D) Zoology
59. Lifespan of Copper-T 380A is approx?
    A) 1 year  |  B) 5-10 years  |  C) Lifetime  |  D) 1 month
60. In which year did India legally recognize MTP?
    A) 1951  |  B) 1971  |  C) 1981  |  D) 2001