9. Nematode, Snail & Slug

*नोट: यह सेक्शन रिवीजन के लिए है। अपना ज्ञान परखने के लिए ऊपर दिए गए क्विज़ में भाग लें।

1. General body shape of Nematodes is:
   A) Segmented  |  B) Unsegmented and Thread-like  |  C) Flattened  |  D) Shell-covered
2. Root-knot disease of vegetables is caused by:
   A) Meloidogyne species  |  B) Heterodera  |  C) Anguina  |  D) None
3. Molya disease of wheat is caused by:
   A) Heterodera avenae  |  B) Anguina  |  C) Meloidogyne  |  D) None
4. Snails belong to which Phylum?
   A) Arthropoda  |  B) Mollusca  |  C) Annelida  |  D) Nematoda
5. Needle-like organ in the mouth of a nematode is:
   A) Tooth  |  B) Stylet  |  C) Foot  |  D) Tongue
6. Body of snails is covered by which hard covering?
   A) Chitin  |  B) Calcium Carbonate Shell  |  C) Hair  |  D) Soil
7. Main difference between Slugs and Snails:
   A) Slug lacks a shell  |  B) Snail is smaller  |  C) Slug lives in water  |  D) None
8. Nematodes primarily damage which part of plants?
   A) Leaf  |  B) Roots  |  C) Flower  |  D) Seed
9. Snails and slugs are more active during:
   A) Bright sun  |  B) Night and moist cool times  |  C) Afternoon  |  D) Never
10. Season to perform Soil Solarization for nematode control:
    A) Winter  |  B) Peak summer (May-June)  |  C) Monsoon  |  D) Spring
11. Poisonous Bait used for snail control:
    A) Urea  |  B) Metaldehyde  |  C) Salt  |  D) Sugar
12. Where does female nematode survive as a 'Cyst'?
    A) Air  |  B) In soil (to protect eggs)  |  C) On leaf  |  D) In water
13. Parts of plants eaten by snails and slugs:
    A) Only root  |  B) Tender leaves and shoots  |  C) Dry wood  |  D) None
14. Example of Nematicides:
    A) Carbofuran or Phorate  |  B) Urea  |  C) Salt  |  D) Gypsum
15. Identification of snail presence in the field:
    A) Footprints  |  B) Shiny Slime trail  |  C) Soil piles  |  D) None
16. Shape of female Root-knot nematode becomes:
    A) Elongated  |  B) Pear shaped  |  C) Thread-like  |  D) Round
17. Appearance of wheat plants affected by Molya:
    A) Very tall  |  B) Stunted and Yellow  |  C) Lush green  |  D) Dry
18. Barrier built at field margins for snail control:
    A) Water  |  B) Ash or lime powder  |  C) Soil  |  D) Grass
19. Which system is absent in the nematode body?
    A) Digestive  |  B) Respiratory and Circulatory  |  C) Reproductive  |  D) Excretory
20. Hot water treatment temp for root-knot in nursery:
    A) 30°C  |  B) 50°C (for 10 mins)  |  C) 100°C  |  D) 80°C
21. Snails primarily damage which crops?
    A) Cereals  |  B) Vegetables and nursery plants  |  C) Only trees  |  D) None
22. Nematodes inject what into plant cells using the stylet?
    A) Water  |  B) Digestive enzymes and toxins  |  C) Air  |  D) Protein
23. Crop rotation for wheat against Molya should use:
    A) Barley  |  B) Mustard or Gram (Non-hosts)  |  C) Maize  |  D) None
24. Where are egg groups of snails and slugs found?
    A) Tree tops  |  B) Soil cracks and moist places  |  C) Air  |  D) Under water
25. Number of moultings from Egg to Adult in nematodes:
    A) 1  |  B) 4  |  C) 10  |  D) Zero
26. Neem cake dose per hectare for nematode control:
    A) 10 kg  |  B) 1-2 tons  |  C) 100 kg  |  D) 50 kg
27. Trap for collecting snails to kill them:
    A) Plastic  |  B) Wet bags or leaf piles  |  C) Glass  |  D) None
28. What does root-knot nematode produce in cells after entry?
    A) Death  |  B) Hypertrophy and Hyperplasia  |  C) Reduction  |  D) None
29. Wounds by nematodes increase the chance of entry for:
    A) Only insects  |  B) Fungi and Bacteria (Secondary infection)  |  C) Nothing  |  D) Salt
30. Where to spray 5% salt solution for snail control?
    A) On plant  |  B) On ridges and their hiding places  |  C) In root  |  D) None
31. Primary location of nematode nervous system:
    A) In tail  |  B) As a nerve ring around Pharynx  |  C) In foot  |  D) None
32. Dead body of female Molya nematode (Cyst Nematode):
    A) Shell  |  B) Cyst (protecting eggs)  |  C) Gall  |  D) Soil
33. Function of 'Radula' in snails:
    A) Walking  |  B) Scraping food (File-like organ)  |  C) Seeing  |  D) Breathing
34. Which nematode is called 'Stunt Nematode'?
    A) Heliocotylenchus  |  B) Tylenchorhynchus  |  C) Meloidogyne  |  D) None
35. Function of nematode 'Cuticle':
    A) Eating  |  B) Protection and Exoskeleton  |  C) Running  |  D) None
36. Approx number of eggs laid by snails at once:
    A) 10  |  B) 100-400 (in clusters)  |  C) 1000  |  D) Zero
37. In which nematodes is Sexual Dimorphism clearly visible?
    A) Molya and Root-knot nematodes  |  B) All  |  C) None  |  D) None
38. Copper Sulphate solution concentration for snail control:
    A) 10%  |  B) 0.5 to 1 percent  |  C) 50%  |  D) 20%
39. Absorption of food in nematodes occurs in:
    A) Stylet  |  B) Intestine  |  C) Mouth  |  D) Tail
40. Which is called the 'Root-rot' nematode?
    A) Pratylenchus  |  B) Heterodera  |  C) Anguina  |  D) None
41. Color of snail blood due to which pigment?
    A) Haemoglobin  |  B) Hemocyanin  |  C) Carotene  |  D) Chlorophyll
42. Where is 'Syncytia' formed in nematodes?
    A) Soil  |  B) Within root cells for nutrition  |  C) Air  |  D) None
43. Season for Snail 'Aestivation' (dormancy):
    A) Rainy  |  B) Summer and dry season  |  C) Spring  |  D) Always active
44. Main organ of nematode excretory system:
    A) Kidney  |  B) Renette cells  |  C) Lungs  |  D) None
45. Technique used to extract nematodes from soil:
    A) Baermann funnel  |  B) Seed cleaning  |  C) Spray  |  D) None