3. Gender, Religion and Caste

*नोट: यह सेक्शन रिवीजन के लिए है। अपना ज्ञान परखने के लिए ऊपर दिए गए क्विज़ में भाग लें।

1. What does the Sexual Division of Labour mean?
   A) Work done outside by men  |  B) A system in which all work inside the home is done by the women of the family  |  C) Equal wages  |  D) None of these
2. Who is a Feminist?
   A) Only women  |  B) A person who believes in equal rights and opportunities for women and men  |  C) Opponent of men  |  D) None of these
3. What is the gap in literacy rates between men and women in India (2011)?
   A) Both equal  |  B) Men 76% and women 54%  |  C) Men 100% and women 0%  |  D) None of these
4. How is the representation of women in India's legislatures?
   A) Very high  |  B) Very low  |  C) 50%  |  D) 100%
5. Who said that religion can never be separated from politics?
   A) Jawaharlal Nehru  |  B) Mahatma Gandhi  |  C) Ambedkar  |  D) Sardar Patel
6. Family Laws are related to which subjects?
   A) Marriage and divorce  |  B) Adoption and inheritance  |  C) Both A and B  |  D) Only trade
7. What is the main basis of Communalism?
   A) Patriotism  |  B) Religion  |  C) Caste  |  D) Money
8. What does a Secular State mean?
   A) Where only one religion is given priority  |  B) Where the state has no religion of its own and all religions get equal respect  |  C) Where religion is banned  |  D) None of these
9. How many seats are reserved for women in local governments (Panchayats) in India?
   A) 10%  |  B) 25%  |  C) One-third (33%)  |  D) 50%
10. On what idea is Casteism based?
    A) Equality  |  B) That caste is the sole basis of social community  |  C) Development  |  D) Education
11. What does Caste Hierarchy mean?
    A) Equality for all  |  B) A ladder-like structure of caste groups in which some are above and others are below  |  C) Only choice of colors  |  D) None of these
12. What does the Sex Ratio in India indicate?
    A) Total population  |  B) Number of females per 1000 males  |  C) Literacy  |  D) None of these
13. What does a Patriarchal Society mean?
    A) Where the mother rules  |  B) A system that values men more and gives them more power  |  C) Rule by children  |  D) Equality
14. On what idea is Communal politics based?
    A) Followers of one religion are of one community and their interests are same  |  B) Unity of country  |  C) Union of all religions  |  D) None of these
15. Who led movements to remove caste inequality?
    A) Jyotiba Phule and Periyar Ramaswamy  |  B) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar and Mahatma Gandhi  |  C) Both A and B  |  D) None of these
16. In which states of India has the child sex ratio been most alarming (low)?
    A) Kerala  |  B) Haryana  |  C) Punjab  |  D) Both B and C
17. What is secularism to the Indian Constitution?
    A) A weakness  |  B) Basic structure and key value  |  C) A small thing  |  D) None of these
18. A place where only men take decisions is called:
    A) Democracy  |  B) Patriarchal place  |  C) Secular place  |  D) None of these
19. On what is Vote Bank politics mainly based?
    A) Only development  |  B) Polarization of voters based on caste and religion  |  C) Education  |  D) None of these
20. What does the Equal Remuneration Act ensure?
    A) Holiday  |  B) Equal wages for equal work  |  C) Free food  |  D) None of these
21. Why is the caste system not ending in India?
    A) People don't want to study  |  B) Tradition of marrying within one's own caste and centuries of conditioning  |  C) No law  |  D) None of these
22. What is the most hideous form of communalism?
    A) Peace  |  B) Communal riots and massacre  |  C) Dialogue  |  D) None of these
23. What impact does caste-based politics have on democracy?
    A) It is only good  |  B) It sometimes gives representation to Dalits and backwards but also divides society  |  C) No impact  |  D) None of these
24. What is the basis of Gender Inequality?
    A) Biological makeup  |  B) Stereotypical roles set by society  |  C) Only education  |  D) None of these
25. What does communal thinking often try to do within its own religious community?
    A) Brotherhood  |  B) Try to establish political dominance  |  C) Try to leave religion  |  D) None of these
26. How have urbanization and literacy affected the caste system?
    A) Caste system has become stronger  |  B) Old bonds of caste system have loosened  |  C) No impact  |  D) Caste has finished
27. Why is secularism in India not 'anti-religious'?
    A) Because the state gives equal freedom and protection to all religions  |  B) Because people are religious  |  C) Because there is no law  |  D) None of these
28. Why is the issue of reservation for women in legislatures important?
    A) So that they also get a share in power and decision-making  |  B) Only for wandering  |  C) For money  |  D) None of these
29. Untouchability has been abolished by which article of the Constitution?
    A) Article 14  |  B) Article 17  |  C) Article 19  |  D) Article 21
30. Can an election be won in India solely on the basis of caste?
    A) Yes  |  B) No, because no parliamentary constituency has a majority of only one caste  |  C) Always  |  D) None of these
31. Why is communalism a challenge for democracy?
    A) It damages the unity and harmony of the country  |  B) It stops development  |  C) It increases discrimination  |  D) All of the above
32. Why is women's work in India often considered 'Invisible'?
    A) They don't work  |  B) Domestic work is not valued in monetary terms  |  C) They work secretly  |  D) None of these
33. What is the best way to fight against communalism?
    A) Picking up arms  |  B) Secular ideas and respect for all religions  |  C) Leaving religion  |  D) Staying silent
34. How does division of labour appear in society?
    A) Only by merit  |  B) Inheritance of caste-based occupations and gender roles  |  C) Only by wealth  |  D) None of these
35. What is the main cause of Female Foeticide?
    A) Lack of money  |  B) Patriarchal thinking and preference for boys  |  C) Education  |  D) None of these
36. How is the Indian model of secularism different from the 'Western model'?
    A) It opposes religion  |  B) It allows state intervention for equality among religions  |  C) It doesn't believe in religion  |  D) None of these
37. What is the entry of caste into politics called?
    A) Politicization of caste  |  B) Casteism of politics  |  C) Both A and B  |  D) None of these
38. How can a balance be made between 'equality' and 'diversity' in a democracy?
    A) By creating pressure  |  B) Through inclusive politics and representation of all sections  |  C) Only by law  |  D) None of these
39. When does the use of 'religion' in politics become dangerous?
    A) When it teaches moral values  |  B) When religion is used to spread hatred and divide people  |  C) Always  |  D) Never
40. What role should caste and religion play in an ideal democracy?
    A) They should be primary  |  B) They should be limited to personal identity and politics should focus on development  |  C) They should be abolished  |  D) None of these
41. In which year did the number of women in the lower house (Lok Sabha) reach 14.36% for the first time?
    A) 1952  |  B) 2019  |  C) 2004  |  D) 2014
42. Why is the demand for a Caste Census often made?
    A) To count population  |  B) To determine policies and reservation after knowing the actual status of backward classes  |  C) Only for politics  |  D) None of these
43. Secularism means 'Sarva Dharma Sambhava', whose idea was this?
    A) Dr. Radhakrishnan and Gandhiji  |  B) Macaulay  |  C) Jinnah  |  D) None of these
44. What was the main goal of feminist movements?
    A) Fighting men  |  B) Bringing equality in personal and family life as well  |  C) Leaving jobs  |  D) None of these
45. What is the 'majoritarian' form of communal politics?
    A) Helping minorities  |  B) Imposing the will of the majority community on the entire country  |  C) Peace  |  D) None of these
46. An example of politics within caste is:
    A) Forming a coalition  |  B) Linking sub-castes within one's caste to make it a larger group  |  C) Leaving caste  |  D) None of these
47. What change did the political activism of 'Dalits' and 'Backward classes' bring in India?
    A) Violence increased  |  B) Their participation in decision-making and self-respect increased  |  C) Development stopped  |  D) None of these
48. Is the union of religion and politics always bad?
    A) Yes  |  B) No, if politics is inspired by moral values (truth, justice) of religion  |  C) Can't say  |  D) Don't know
49. What long-term impact does the invisibility of gender division have on society?
    A) Women become powerful  |  B) Women's economic dependence and social backwardness persists  |  C) No impact  |  D) None of these
50. What does the 'Constitution' guarantee to end communalism?
    A) Freedom to follow and propagate any religion  |  B) Prohibition of discrimination based on religion  |  C) Both A and B  |  D) Only one religion allowed
51. What is the disadvantage of caste-based vote bank politics?
    A) It diverts attention from real issues of development  |  B) It creates tension in society  |  C) Both A and B  |  D) No disadvantage
52. What does the 'Radical' side of feminism believe?
    A) Only equality  |  B) That patriarchy is the root of women's exploitation which must be changed  |  C) Men are good  |  D) None of these
53. How is 'another religion' seen in communal ideology?
    A) Friend  |  B) As an opponent or enemy  |  C) Teacher  |  D) None of these
54. For whom is the term 'Other Backward Class' (OBC) used in India?
    A) Only for the rich  |  B) Those castes which are socially and educationally backward  |  C) For soldiers  |  D) None of these
55. How can gender-based division of labour be changed?
    A) Only by law  |  B) By changing social mindset and increasing men's participation in domestic work  |  C) By closing schools  |  D) None of these
56. What impact does communalism have on the 'State'?
    A) State becomes neutral  |  B) State sometimes starts supporting one side which weakens democracy  |  C) State becomes rich  |  D) None of these
57. What is the importance of 'freedom to choose occupation' in breaking the caste system?
    A) Low importance  |  B) It ends the centuries-old link between caste and occupation  |  C) No importance  |  D) None of these
58. How did feminist movements challenge the line between 'Public' and 'Private'?
    A) By working outside home  |  B) By stating that 'personal is political' and equality is needed inside home too  |  C) By fighting  |  D) None of these
59. What is it called when caste-based groups act as pressure groups in elections?
    A) Caste pressure  |  B) Caste Mobilization  |  C) Cleaning  |  D) None of these
60. Is the management of social diversities possible without democracy?
    A) Yes  |  B) No, democracy is the only system where participation of all is possible peacefully  |  C) Possible in monarchy  |  D) None of these