5. Print Culture and the Modern World

*नोट: यह सेक्शन रिवीजन के लिए है। अपना ज्ञान परखने के लिए ऊपर दिए गए क्विज़ में भाग लें।

1. Where did the world's first Printing Technology develop?
   A) India  |  B) China, Japan, and Korea  |  C) England  |  D) Germany
2. What was the 'Accordion book' in China?
   A) Machine-printed book  |  B) Hand-folded book stitched at the side  |  C) Iron book  |  D) None of these
3. Which is the oldest printed book of Japan?
   A) Bible  |  B) Diamond Sutra  |  C) Ramayana  |  D) None of these
4. Who brought the technique of Woodblock printing to Europe?
   A) Columbus  |  B) Marco Polo  |  C) Vasco da Gama  |  D) Magellan
5. Who invented the modern printing press?
   A) Newton  |  B) Johann Gutenberg  |  C) James Watt  |  D) Thomas Edison
6. Which was the first book printed by Gutenberg in his press?
   A) Quran  |  B) Bible  |  C) Almanac  |  D) Novel
7. What is the meaning of Calligraphy?
   A) Machine printing  |  B) Art of beautiful writing  |  C) Painting  |  D) Drawing
8. Where did the printing press first arrive in India?
   A) Madras  |  B) Goa (by Portuguese)  |  C) Calcutta  |  D) Bombay
9. By which name did James Augustus Hickey start a weekly magazine?
   A) Kesari  |  B) Bengal Gazette  |  C) Young India  |  D) Hindu
10. When was the Vernacular Press Act passed?
    A) 1850  |  B) 1878  |  C) 1905  |  D) 1947
11. Where was Gutenberg a resident of?
    A) France  |  B) Germany  |  C) Italy  |  D) England
12. What were Manuscripts?
    A) Rare hand-written copies  |  B) Machine-printed books  |  C) Newspapers  |  D) None of these
13. In which country was the largest producer of printed material the examination system?
    A) Japan  |  B) China  |  C) India  |  D) Russia
14. What is Vellum?
    A) Paper  |  B) Parchment made from the skin of animals  |  C) Plastic  |  D) A pen
15. Who wrote the '95 Theses' against the Catholic Church?
    A) Martin Luther  |  B) Erasmus  |  C) Maxwell  |  D) None of these
16. What were the cheap, small books available in the market called in England?
    A) Novels  |  B) Chapbooks  |  C) Almanacs  |  D) Comics
17. What were the cheap blue-covered books available in France called?
    A) Blue book  |  B) Bibliothèque Bleue  |  C) Yellow book  |  D) None of these
18. Which newspaper did Raja Rammohan Roy edit?
    A) Kesari  |  B) Sambad Kaumudi  |  C) Ghadar  |  D) Maratha
19. Who edited the Kesari newspaper?
    A) Gandhiji  |  B) Bal Gangadhar Tilak  |  C) Nehru  |  D) Azad
20. By whom was the printing technique brought to Japan?
    A) Merchants  |  B) Chinese Buddhist Missionaries  |  C) Army  |  D) None of these
21. What did Martin Luther say about Printing?
    A) It is evil  |  B) Printing is the ultimate gift of God  |  C) It is waste of time  |  D) None of these
22. What happened in the 17th-18th centuries due to rising literacy rates in Europe?
    A) A Reading Mania was created  |  B) People became illiterate  |  C) Schools closed  |  D) None of these
23. What was the role of print in the Reformation movement?
    A) No role  |  B) New translations of the Bible challenged the authority of the Church  |  C) Churches closed  |  D) None of these
24. Why were manuscripts out of reach for common people despite being popular?
    A) They were expensive, fragile, and difficult to read  |  B) They were made of gold  |  C) They were small  |  D) None of these
25. Who helped in building public opinion against Despotism?
    A) Guns  |  B) Printing presses and newspapers  |  C) The King  |  D) Soldiers
26. On which device was Gutenberg's printing press based?
    A) Sewing machine  |  B) Olive press  |  C) Wheel  |  D) Clock
27. For which style of painting was the Japanese artist 'Utamaro' famous?
    A) Mughal style  |  B) Ukiyo-e (pictures of the floating world)  |  C) Madhubani  |  D) None of these
28. Why was Menocchio killed by the Church?
    A) For theft  |  B) For giving controversial ideas about God through his own interpretation of the Bible  |  C) For fighting  |  D) None of these
29. Where did a special press open in the 19th century to print literature for children?
    A) Germany  |  B) France (1857)  |  C) India  |  D) England
30. Who wrote the book 'Gulamgiri' in India?
    A) Gandhiji  |  B) Jyotiba Phule  |  C) Ambedkar  |  D) Periyar
31. From where was the first printed edition of Tulsidas's 'Ramcharitmanas' published?
    A) Delhi  |  B) Calcutta (1810)  |  C) Banaras  |  D) Ayodhya
32. What did Erasmus think about Printing?
    A) He was happy  |  B) He was worried that printing would spread useless and harmful ideas  |  C) He was indifferent  |  D) None of these
33. What was the main objective of the Vernacular Press Act?
    A) Promote education  |  B) To censor Indian language newspapers and stop nationalist news  |  C) Sell printing machines  |  D) None of these
34. For whom was the Penny Magazine issued?
    A) For the rich  |  B) For workers and lower-class readers  |  C) For soldiers  |  D) None of these
35. How did women contribute to print culture?
    A) They only read  |  B) They wrote books and magazines on their problems and rights  |  C) They burned the press  |  D) None of these
36. Why did the expansion of Libraries increase in the 19th century?
    A) To educate workers and the middle class  |  B) For show  |  C) To hide books  |  D) None of these
37. How did the print revolution change the way people thought?
    A) They became superstitious  |  B) New ideas based on logic and reason spread  |  C) They thought less  |  D) None of these
38. How was information spread before the printing press?
    A) Only via internet  |  B) Through oral communication and manuscripts  |  C) Via television  |  D) None of these
39. Why did the Grimm Brothers use printing?
    A) To sell machines  |  B) To preserve traditional folktales and create a German identity  |  C) For decoration  |  D) None of these
40. What was the importance of the Almanac for common people?
    A) Only seeing the date  |  B) Getting info on auspicious times, festivals, and daily life  |  C) Cooking  |  D) None of these
41. Who said that 'Books can change the world'?
    A) Louis-Sébastien Mercier  |  B) Napoleon  |  C) Louis XIV  |  D) None of these
42. What connection is considered between print culture and the French Revolution?
    A) Print stopped the revolution  |  B) Print laid the foundation for revolution by spreading criticism of the Church and despotism  |  C) No connection  |  D) None of these
43. Who was the author of the book 'Stri Dharma Vichar' in India?
    A) Tarabai Shinde  |  B) Bhai Kahan Singh  |  C) Pandita Ramabai  |  D) None of these
44. On the model of which law did the East India Company base the Vernacular Press Act?
    A) American law  |  B) Irish Press Laws  |  C) German law  |  D) None of these
45. Which European art movement was influenced by Japanese 'Ukiyo-e' prints?
    A) Realism  |  B) Impressionism  |  C) Abstract art  |  D) None of these
46. Which alloy was used to make 'metal type' in the Gutenberg press?
    A) Gold-Silver  |  B) Lead, Tin, and Antimony  |  C) Iron-Steel  |  D) Copper
47. How did the new class of readers change from a 'Hearing public' to a 'Reading public'?
    A) When literacy increased and books became cheap  |  B) When books vanished  |  C) When radio came  |  D) None of these
48. Why did the Orthodox (traditionalists) oppose printing?
    A) They were illiterate  |  B) They feared new ideas would destroy old religious beliefs  |  C) Press was expensive  |  D) None of these
49. Which was the first Hindi newspaper published in India?
    A) Maratha  |  B) Udant Martand  |  C) Kesari  |  D) Young India
50. What happened due to the articles written by the extremist leader Tilak in 'Kesari'?
    A) He got a reward  |  B) He was jailed in 1908, leading to nationwide protests  |  C) Newspaper was closed  |  D) None of these
51. How did print culture affect the 'poor people'?
    A) They became poorer  |  B) Their access to knowledge increased through cheap books and libraries  |  C) They couldn't read  |  D) None of these
52. What was the task of a Compositor in printing?
    A) Making paper  |  B) Setting the text for printing by assembling letters  |  C) Painting  |  D) None of these
53. What is a Galley?
    A) A ship  |  B) A metal tray in which types are laid out for printing  |  C) A book  |  D) A house
54. How many texts and images were in Japan's 'Diamond Sutra'?
    A) Only words  |  B) Six sheets of text and woodcut illustrations  |  C) Full color photos  |  D) None of these
55. How did printing help in the rise of nationalism?
    A) Only through songs  |  B) By carrying ideas of nationalist leaders, shared history, and common language to people  |  C) Through machines  |  D) None of these
56. Why was the 'Index of Prohibited Books' issued by the Church?
    A) To save books  |  B) To prevent people from reading books with irreligious or rebel ideas  |  C) To make a list  |  D) None of these
57. When did the colonial government tighten control over the press in India?
    A) After the revolt of 1857  |  B) In 1947  |  C) In 1789  |  D) Never
58. What major technical improvement occurred in printing machines by the late 19th century?
    A) Hand operation  |  B) Cylindrical Press and power-driven machines  |  C) Software  |  D) None of these
59. What was the nature of 'Public Debate' due to print culture?
    A) Limited  |  B) Widespread and democratic  |  C) Violent  |  D) None of these
60. What is a Bibliography?
    A) A story  |  B) A list of books published on a particular subject  |  C) A religious book  |  D) None of these