2. Nationalism in India

*नोट: यह सेक्शन रिवीजन के लिए है। अपना ज्ञान परखने के लिए ऊपर दिए गए क्विज़ में भाग लें।

1. When did Mahatma Gandhi return to India from South Africa?
   A) 1915  |  B) 1917  |  C) 1919  |  D) 1921
2. Where did Gandhiji perform his first 'Satyagraha' in India?
   A) Kheda  |  B) Champaran  |  C) Ahmedabad  |  D) Amritsar
3. In which year was the Rowlatt Act passed?
   A) 1918  |  B) 1919  |  C) 1920  |  D) 1921
4. In which city did the Jallianwala Bagh massacre take place?
   A) Lahore  |  B) Amritsar  |  C) Delhi  |  D) Jalandhar
5. When did the Non-Cooperation Movement begin?
   A) January 1921  |  B) December 1920  |  C) April 1919  |  D) March 1922
6. Who gave the order to fire at Jallianwala Bagh?
   A) Lord Curzon  |  B) General Dyer  |  C) Mountbatten  |  D) Dalhousie
7. Where was the Khilafat Committee formed?
   A) Bombay  |  B) Calcutta  |  C) Lucknow  |  D) Amritsar
8. In which year did Gandhiji write the book 'Hind Swaraj'?
   A) 1909  |  B) 1915  |  C) 1920  |  D) 1930
9. In which year did the Chauri Chaura incident occur?
   A) 1920  |  B) 1921  |  C) 1922  |  D) 1925
10. Who formed the Swaraj Party?
    A) Gandhiji  |  B) C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru  |  C) Subhash Chandra Bose  |  D) Jawaharlal Nehru
11. When did the Simon Commission arrive in India?
    A) 1927  |  B) 1928  |  C) 1929  |  D) 1930
12. Where did Gandhiji start his 'Dandi March' from?
    A) Dandi  |  B) Sabarmati Ashram  |  C) Ahmedabad  |  D) Surat
13. The Civil Disobedience Movement started with which event?
    A) Breaking the salt law  |  B) Burning foreign clothes  |  C) Prohibition of liquor  |  D) Strikes
14. When was the Gandhi-Irwin Pact signed?
    A) 1930  |  B) 1931  |  C) 1932  |  D) 1935
15. Between whom was the Poona Pact signed?
    A) Gandhiji and Jinnah  |  B) Gandhiji and Dr. B.R. Ambedkar  |  C) Nehru and Gandhi  |  D) Irwin and Gandhi
16. Who created the first image of Bharat Mata?
    A) Rabindranath Tagore  |  B) Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay  |  C) Abanindranath Tagore  |  D) Nandalal Bose
17. Who is the composer of the song 'Vande Mataram'?
    A) Rabindranath Tagore  |  B) Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay  |  C) Subhash Chandra Bose  |  D) Sarojini Naidu
18. What name did Indian members give to the repressive 'Rowlatt Act'?
    A) White Law  |  B) Black Act  |  C) Reform Law  |  D) None of these
19. In which Congress session of 1929 was the demand for 'Purna Swaraj' made?
    A) Calcutta  |  B) Lahore  |  C) Madras  |  D) Karachi
20. What was the main reason for withdrawing the Non-Cooperation Movement?
    A) Lack of money  |  B) The violent incident at Chauri Chaura  |  C) Arrest of leaders  |  D) None of these
21. What was the basic idea of Satyagraha?
    A) Physical force  |  B) Emphasis on the power of truth and non-violence  |  C) Boycott of foreign goods  |  D) Military revolt
22. On which date did Gandhiji call for a 'hartal' against the Rowlatt Act?
    A) 6 April 1919  |  B) 13 April 1919  |  C) 1 August 1920  |  D) 26 January 1930
23. Why was the Khilafat Movement started?
    A) For Swaraj  |  B) In support of the Sultan (Khalifa) of Turkey  |  C) To reduce taxes  |  D) For education
24. On what did Gandhiji emphasize at the Calcutta session in September 1920?
    A) Civil Disobedience  |  B) Starting Non-Cooperation in support of Khilafat  |  C) Using violence  |  D) Entering Parliament
25. Who led the Oudh Kisan Sabha?
    A) Gandhiji  |  B) Jawaharlal Nehru and Baba Ramchandra  |  C) Alluri Sitaram Raju  |  D) Sardar Patel
26. What kind of movement did 'Alluri Sitaram Raju' lead in the Gudem Hills of Andhra Pradesh?
    A) Non-violent  |  B) Guerrilla warfare  |  C) Constitutional  |  D) None of these
27. What did the Inland Emigration Act of 1859 mean for plantation workers?
    A) They could go anywhere  |  B) They were not permitted to leave tea gardens without permission  |  C) They were kings  |  D) None of these
28. Why was the Simon Commission boycotted?
    A) It arrived late  |  B) It did not have a single Indian member  |  C) It was very expensive  |  D) None of these
29. Why did Gandhiji choose Salt as the main weapon of the movement?
    A) It was very cheap  |  B) It was consumed by the rich and the poor alike  |  C) It was only available in Dandi  |  D) None of these
30. Where was the Second Round Table Conference held?
    A) Delhi  |  B) London  |  C) Bombay  |  D) New York
31. When did Dr. B.R. Ambedkar organize the 'Depressed Classes Association'?
    A) 1920  |  B) 1930  |  C) 1932  |  D) 1942
32. Who were the prominent leaders of the Khilafat Movement?
    A) Gandhi and Nehru  |  B) Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali  |  C) Jinnah and Savarkar  |  D) Azad and Patel
33. How many demands did Gandhiji place in the letter sent to the British government on 31 January 1930?
    A) 5  |  B) 11  |  C) 15  |  D) 20
34. Why did 'rich peasants' participate in the Civil Disobedience Movement?
    A) For freedom  |  B) To get the revenue rates reduced  |  C) To get land  |  D) None of these
35. Why did the industrial working class not participate in Civil Disobedience in large numbers?
    A) They were afraid  |  B) The Congress was close to the industrialists  |  C) They did not know Gandhiji  |  D) None of these
36. What was the importance of 'folklore' in awakening the spirit of nationalism in India?
    A) Entertainment  |  B) Reviving the feeling of national identity and pride  |  C) To spend time  |  D) None of these
37. The Swaraj flag (1921) was designed by Gandhiji, what was at its center?
    A) Ashoka Chakra  |  B) Spinning wheel (Charkha)  |  C) Lion  |  D) Plough
38. Which leader of the Muslim League demanded 'separate electorates' for Muslims?
    A) Shaukat Ali  |  B) Muhammad Ali Jinnah  |  C) Sir Sayyid Ahmed  |  D) None of these
39. In which year was Alluri Sitaram Raju executed?
    A) 1920  |  B) 1924  |  C) 1930  |  D) 1947
40. What was the impact on imports of foreign cloth during the Non-Cooperation Movement?
    A) Import increased  |  B) Import halved (from 102 crore to 57 crore)  |  C) No impact  |  D) Import stopped
41. What was the main difference between the Non-Cooperation Movement and the Civil Disobedience Movement?
    A) Both were same  |  B) Non-Cooperation meant not cooperating, Civil Disobedience included breaking laws  |  C) Civil Disobedience was violent  |  D) None of these
42. Why did Gandhiji withdraw the Civil Disobedience Movement (in 1931)?
    A) Money ran out  |  B) Due to the Gandhi-Irwin Pact and fear of the movement turning violent  |  C) He was tired  |  D) None of these
43. What did Dalits receive through the Poona Pact (1932)?
    A) Separate country  |  B) Reserved seats in provincial and central councils  |  C) Full power  |  D) None of these
44. What idea did Sir Muhammad Iqbal emphasize in the 1930 Muslim League session?
    A) United India  |  B) Separate communal electorates and grouping for Muslims  |  C) Merging with Congress  |  D) None of these
45. Which three colors were in the 'Swadeshi flag' in Bengal in 1921?
    A) Red, green, and white  |  B) Red, green, and yellow  |  C) Saffron, white, and green  |  D) Blue, yellow, and red
46. What distance did Gandhiji cover in 24 days during the Salt March?
    A) 100 miles  |  B) 240 miles (10 miles per day)  |  C) 500 miles  |  D) 10 miles
47. Why did the movement slow down in cities during the Non-Cooperation Movement?
    A) Khadi cloth was expensive  |  B) Lack of alternative Indian institutions  |  C) Both A and B  |  D) None of these
48. How did the First World War promote nationalism in India?
    A) Crores of rupees were given for free  |  B) Increase in defense expenditure led to new taxes and sharp rise in prices  |  C) Recruitment in the army stopped  |  D) None of these
49. What did Gandhiji realize after the failure of the Rowlatt Satyagraha?
    A) The movement should be stopped  |  B) No broad-based movement could be organized without bringing Hindus and Muslims together  |  C) The British are good  |  D) None of these
50. What happened after the arrest of Abdul Ghaffar Khan (Frontier Gandhi) during the Civil Disobedience Movement?
    A) Peace prevailed  |  B) Angry crowds demonstrated in the streets of Peshawar  |  C) He escaped from jail  |  D) None of these
51. What did 'Swaraj' mean according to Gandhiji?
    A) Only change of power  |  B) Self-restraint and running one's own system  |  C) Killing the British  |  D) Collection of foreign goods
52. Why did attempts at unity between the Hindu Mahasabha and the Muslim League fail in 1928?
    A) Due to money  |  B) Due to the strong opposition of M.R. Jayakar  |  C) Because of Jinnah  |  D) None of these
53. Why did Indian industrialists form the 'Indian Industrial and Commercial Congress' (1920)?
    A) To help the British  |  B) To oppose colonial economic policies and protect their interests  |  C) To beat the workers  |  D) None of these
54. Nationalism spreads when people begin to believe that:
    A) They are all part of the same nation  |  B) They belong to different religions  |  C) They are enemies  |  D) None of these
55. Which famous novel did Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay write apart from 'Vande Mataram'?
    A) Godan  |  B) Anandamath  |  C) Gitanjali  |  D) Swaraj
56. How many trusted volunteers were with Gandhiji during the Dandi March?
    A) 10  |  B) 78  |  C) 100  |  D) 500
57. What vague offer did Lord Irwin make for India in October 1929?
    A) Independence  |  B) Dominion Status  |  C) Republic  |  D) None of these
58. What oath did 'Satyagrahis' have to take during the Non-Cooperation Movement?
    A) To pick up arms  |  B) To remain non-violent and follow the truth  |  C) To leave the country  |  D) None of these
59. What did the eight lotus flowers represent in the tricolor designed by Gandhiji in 1921?
    A) Eight kings  |  B) Eight provinces of British India  |  C) Eight rivers  |  D) None of these
60. What did 'Swaraj' mean for the workers?
    A) Freedom from heavy revenue  |  B) Right to move freely in and out of the confined space  |  C) Leaving the job  |  D) None of these