2. Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
рдЗрд╕ рдкреЗрдЬ рдкрд░ рдЖрдкрдХреЛ 2. Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance рдХреЗ рд╕рднреА рдорд╣рддреНрд╡рдкреВрд░реНрдг рдмрд╣реБрд╡рд┐рдХрд▓реНрдкреАрдп рдкреНрд░рд╢реНрди (MCQ), рдкрд░реАрдХреНрд╖рд╛ рдЙрдкрдпреЛрдЧреА рдиреЛрдЯреНрд╕ рдФрд░ рдСрдирд▓рд╛рдЗрди рдХреНрд╡рд┐рдЬрд╝ рдорд┐рд▓реЗрдВрдЧреЗред рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдЬреНрдЮрд╛рди рдХрд╛ рдкрд░реАрдХреНрд╖рдг рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдФрд░ рдмреЛрд░реНрдб/рдкреНрд░рддрд┐рдпреЛрдЧреА рдкрд░реАрдХреНрд╖рд╛ рдореЗрдВ рд╢рдд-рдкреНрд░рддрд┐рд╢рдд рдЕрдВрдХ рдкреНрд░рд╛рдкреНрдд рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдиреАрдЪреЗ рджрд┐рдП рдЧрдП рдореЙрдХ рдЯреЗрд╕реНрдЯ рдореЗрдВ рдЕрд╡рд╢реНрдп рднрд╛рдЧ рд▓реЗрдВред
ЁЯСЙ рдЕрдзреНрдпрд╛рдп рдХрд╛ рд╕рд╛рд░рд╛рдВрд╢ (Summary)
Dear students, in this chapter, we will study 1 extremely important and highly practical branch of physics: 'Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance'. In the previous chapter, we deeply understood electric charges and the invisible electric fields around them. But how much actual work is required to move 1 charge from 1 specific point to another against this electric field? This exact measurement is mathematically known as Electrostatic Potential. Understanding this concept is 100 percent essential to unlock the deep secrets of how electrical energy is stored and utilized in modern electronic circuits.
Instead of just cramming complex derivations in closed books, if we logically connect it with our real life and daily surroundings, it feels extremely magical. Have you ever thought deeply about how the sudden, bright flash of your smartphone camera or a professional DSLR camera actually works? Or why 1 ceiling fan requires 1 small white cylindrical device (commonly called a condenser) to start spinning? This is no magic trick, but it is 100 percent the scientific marvel of 1 'Capacitor'. A capacitor acts exactly like 1 temporary battery that strategically stores a massive amount of electrical charge and suddenly releases it in 1 tiny fraction of a second when required. Similarly, the massive lightning strikes during heavy thunderstorms are basically giant natural sparks jumping across 1 massive potential difference between the heavy clouds and the ground.
From the strict perspective of the upcoming NCERT and RBSE board exams, this specific chapter of physics is highly scoring and extremely important for your 100 percent success. In the board exams, not only direct theoretical questions are asked from this chapter, but excellent analytical, numerical, and derivation-based questions on the potential due to 1 point charge, equipotential surfaces, and the parallel plate capacitor definitely appear in the final exam paper every single year without fail. In this highly exciting journey, we will 1st study the exact mathematical formula of electrostatic potential very closely. We will scientifically learn that potential is 1 scalar quantity, which makes its mathematical calculation much easier than the vector electric field.
Moving 1 little further in the chapter, we will logically analyze the fascinating properties of 'Equipotential Surfaces', where the electric potential remains exactly 100 percent uniform at every single point, and absolutely 0 work is done in moving 1 charge over it. After this, we will deeply study the principle of Capacitance and dielectrics. We will logically calculate the exact capacitance of 1 parallel plate capacitor and clearly see how perfectly inserting 1 dielectric slab between the metallic plates massively increases its total charge-storing capacity. We will also solve complex numerical problems based on the series and parallel combinations of capacitors, which is 1 extremely favorite topic for examiners.
To perfectly ensure your excellent and 100 percent strong preparation, we have meticulously selected and prepared completely accurate, high-level, and highly exam-useful objective questions (MCQs) from all these complex topics. By continuously practicing again and again, you will surely learn critical time management and massively increase your speed of solving complex numerical questions without making even 1 single mistake.
Feature: This is 1 3-Level based unique quiz. To unlock the next level (Level 2 and 3), students must score at least 70% in the current level, making their board exam preparation 100% strong.
рдорд╣рддреНрд╡рдкреВрд░реНрдг рдкреНрд░рд╢реНрди (Important Questions)
PDF рдбрд╛рдЙрдирд▓реЛрдб рдХрд░реЗрдВрдЕрдзреНрдпрд╛рдп рдХреЗ рд╕рднреА рдкреНрд░рд╢реНрди (Revision Notes)
*рдиреЛрдЯ: рдпрд╣ рд╕реЗрдХреНрд╢рди рд░рд┐рд╡реАрдЬрди рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рд╣реИред рдЕрдкрдирд╛ рдЬреНрдЮрд╛рди рдкрд░рдЦрдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдКрдкрд░ рджрд┐рдП рдЧрдП рдХреНрд╡рд┐рдЬрд╝ рдореЗрдВ рднрд╛рдЧ рд▓реЗрдВред
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What is the unit of electric potential?
A) Ampere | B) Volt | C) Ohm | D) Farad -
Electric potential is which type of quantity?
A) Vector | B) Scalar | C) Both | D) None -
What is the unit of capacitance?
A) Coulomb | B) Volt | C) Farad | D) Newton -
The potential of Earth is assumed to be?
A) Infinity | B) Zero | C) 100V | D) Negative -
Potential at every point of an equipotential surface is?
A) Different | B) Same | C) Zero | D) Infinity -
Correct formula for capacitance is?
A) C = Q/V | B) C = QV | C) C = V/Q | D) C = Q^2V -
Relation between field (E) and potential (V) is?
A) E = V.d | B) E = -dV/dr | C) V = E/r | D) E = V^2 -
Potential at distance 'r' from a point charge is?
A) kQ/r | B) kQ/r^2 | C) kQ^2/r | D) Zero -
A capacitor is used for?
A) Increasing current | B) Storing charge | C) Reducing resistance | D) None -
Work done on an equipotential surface is?
A) Maximum | B) Minimum | C) Zero | D) Infinity -
Dimensions of potential are?
A) [ML^2T^-3A^-1] | B) [MLT^-2A^-1] | C) [ML^2T^2] | D) [L^2A^1] -
In series combination, which remains same?
A) Potential | B) Charge | C) Capacitance | D) Energy -
In parallel combination, which remains same?
A) Charge | B) Energy | C) Potential | D) Capacitance -
Potential at the equator of a dipole is?
A) Maximum | B) Zero | C) kP/r^2 | D) Infinity -
Dielectric materials are?
A) Conductors | B) Insulators | C) Semi-conductors | D) None -
Capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor is ......... to area (A)?
A) Inversely proportional | B) Directly proportional | C) Independent | D) Proportional to square -
On filling dielectric, capacitance?
A) Decreases | B) Increases | C) Remains stable | D) Zero -
Value of potential inside a conductor is?
A) Zero | B) Same as surface | C) Infinity | D) Less -
Electric field is ......... to equipotential surface?
A) Parallel | B) Perpendicular | C) At 45┬░ | D) None -
One Farad (F) is equal to?
A) 1 C/V | B) 1 V/C | C) 1 J/C | D) 1 N/C -
Energy in a capacitor is stored in?
A) Plates | B) Field | C) Wires | D) None -
Work done in rotating a dipole is?
A) pE(1-cos╬╕) | B) pE sin╬╕ | C) pE cos╬╕ | D) Zero -
Safe place during electrical shielding is?
A) Open ground | B) Hollow conductor | C) Under a tree | D) On roof -
For a point charge, potential varies as?
A) 1/r | B) 1/r^2 | C) 1/r^3 | D) r -
Capacitance does not depend on?
A) Charge | B) Shape | C) Medium | D) Distance -
Van de Graaff generator produces?
A) Current | B) High potential | C) Capacitance | D) None -
Capacitance of a spherical conductor is proportional to its?
A) Radius (R) | B) 1/Radius | C) R^2 | D) None -
Electric potential difference is?
A) Work/Charge | B) Charge/Work | C) Force/Charge | D) Work x Charge -
Electron-volt (eV) is a unit of?
A) Potential | B) Charge | C) Energy | D) Power -
Dielectric strength of air is?
A) 3x10^6 V/m | B) 1x10^6 V/m | C) Zero | D) Infinity -
Total capacitance of 5┬╡F and 10┬╡F in parallel?
A) 15┬╡F | B) 3.33┬╡F | C) 50┬╡F | D) 5┬╡F -
Equivalent capacitance of three 6┬╡F in series?
A) 18┬╡F | B) 2┬╡F | C) 9┬╡F | D) 0.5┬╡F -
Capacitance of 9m radius sphere (k=9x10^9)?
A) 10^-9 F | B) 10^9 F | C) 1 F | D) 9 F -
Work in moving 2C charge across 10V potential difference?
A) 5 J | B) 20 J | C) 12 J | D) 0.2 J -
On halving the distance, capacitance of capacitor?
A) Halved | B) Doubled | C) Four times | D) Same -
0.5C charge at 100V, capacitance will be?
A) 50F | B) 0.005F | C) 200F | D) 0.05F -
Value of 1eV in Joules is?
A) 1 J | B) 1.6 x 10^-19 J | C) 1.6 x 10^-19 Erg | D) 1 Cal -
12pF capacitor connected to 50V, energy will be?
A) 1.5x10^-8 J | B) 3x10^-8 J | C) 1.5x10^-10 J | D) 6x10^-8 J -
Potential due to dipole varies as?
A) 1/r | B) 1/r^2 | C) 1/r^3 | D) r -
Capacitance if area is doubled and distance halved?
A) 2 times | B) 4 times | C) Same | D) 8 times -
Potential inside a sphere compared to surface potential?
A) Zero | B) Same | C) Half | D) Double -
Formula for potential energy (U) of two charges?
A) kQ1Q2/r | B) kQ1Q2/r^2 | C) 1/2 CV^2 | D) QV -
Force between plates is?
A) Attractive | B) Repulsive | C) Zero | D) Uncertain -
If C=2┬╡F and V=100V, charge (Q) is?
A) 200┬╡C | B) 0.02C | C) 50┬╡C | D) 2C -
Unit of energy density is?
A) J/m^3 | B) J/m^2 | C) J/m | D) J-m
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