8. Orchard Management

*नोट: यह सेक्शन रिवीजन के लिए है। अपना ज्ञान परखने के लिए ऊपर दिए गए क्विज़ में भाग लें।

1. Most important factor for orchard site selection:
   A) Distance to market  |  B) Climate & Soil  |  C) Road width  |  D) Neighbor's field
2. In which direction should a Wind Break be planted?
   A) East-South  |  B) North-West  |  C) Only South  |  D) Anywhere
3. Simplest and most common Layout method:
   A) Triangular  |  B) Square system  |  C) Contour  |  D) Hexagonal
4. How much more plants fit in Hexagonal vs Square method?
   A) 5%  |  B) 15%  |  C) 50%  |  D) 0%
5. Layout method suitable for hilly areas:
   A) Square  |  B) Contour system  |  C) Filler method  |  D) Triangular
6. Selected as 'Filler plants' in orchards:
   A) Mango  |  B) Papaya or Phalsa  |  C) Neem  |  D) Shisham
7. General pit size for large fruit trees:
   A) 10x10x10 cm  |  B) 1x1x1 meter  |  C) 5x5x5 meter  |  D) None
8. Best time for pit filling:
   A) December  |  B) May-June (Pre-monsoon)  |  C) October  |  D) January
9. What should stay with roots when transporting plants?
   A) Earth ball  |  B) Root only  |  C) Stones  |  D) Wood
10. Best time of day for planting:
    A) Bright sun  |  B) Evening  |  C) 12 PM  |  D) 4 AM
11. Making a fence around the orchard is:
    A) Irrigation  |  B) Fencing  |  C) Cleaning  |  D) Layout
12. Where is the filler plant in the 'Quincunx' method?
    A) At the corner  |  B) Centre of square  |  C) Outside  |  D) Anywhere
13. General spacing (P x P) for Mango:
    A) 3x3 m  |  B) 10x10 m  |  C) 1x1 m  |  D) 20x20 m
14. Spacing for Citrus fruits:
    A) 10x10 m  |  B) 6x6 m  |  C) 2x2 m  |  D) 15x15 m
15. Triangular method is suitable for:
    A) Plains  |  B) Where space is limited and HDP is needed  |  C) Desert  |  D) None
16. Suitable tree for Wind Break:
    A) Papaya  |  B) Shisham, Jamun or Desi Mango  |  C) Rose  |  D) Banana
17. Width of main road in an orchard:
    A) 1 meter  |  B) 4-5 meters  |  C) 10 meters  |  D) 0.5 meter
18. Added to pit soil to prevent Termites:
    A) Urea  |  B) Quinalphos or Chlorpyriphos dust  |  C) Sugar  |  D) Salt
19. Activity mandatory immediately after planting:
    A) Pruning  |  B) Irrigation  |  C) Fertilizing  |  D) Spraying
20. Right month for planting Evergreen fruit trees:
    A) Jan-Feb  |  B) July-August (Rainy season)  |  C) May  |  D) December
21. Right time for planting Deciduous fruit trees:
    A) July  |  B) Jan-Feb (Dormant stage)  |  C) May  |  D) October
22. Position of 'Nursery' in an orchard:
    A) Outside  |  B) Near main gate and water source  |  C) Last corner  |  D) Anywhere
23. Treating 'Earth ball' before planting with:
    A) Salt  |  B) Fungicide solution  |  C) Hot water  |  D) None
24. Plant used as a 'Live Fence':
    A) Mango  |  B) Karonda or Thor  |  C) Banana  |  D) Papaya
25. Method where plants in two rows are in an alternating pattern:
    A) Square  |  B) Triangular system  |  C) Contour  |  D) Filler
26. Best irrigation method in orchards:
    A) Flood  |  B) Basin or Drip Irrigation  |  C) Bed  |  D) None
27. Main advantage of the Filler system:
    A) Land degradation  |  B) Extra income in early years  |  C) Pest increase  |  D) None
28. Ratio of topsoil and manure for pit filling:
    A) 1:1  |  B) 1:1 (Soil + FYM)  |  C) 10:1  |  D) 5:1
29. Importance of an orchard 'Map':
    A) Aesthetic  |  B) Future planning and management ease  |  C) No importance  |  D) Only for tax
30. Position of Graft Union point relative to soil:
    A) Inside soil  |  B) 5-10 cm above  |  C) 1 meter above  |  D) None
31. Number of plants in Triangular vs Square method:
    A) More  |  B) Less (approx 11% less)  |  C) Equal  |  D) Double
32. Benefit of keeping an 'Orchard Register':
    A) Income-expense details  |  B) Record of variety and numbers  |  C) Work planning  |  D) All of the above
33. Protection range of Wind Break is how many times the tree height?
    A) 1x  |  B) 3-4x (distance)  |  C) 50x  |  D) None
34. In the Contour method, cultivation is done:
    A) Along the slope  |  B) Across the slope  |  C) Straight  |  D) None
35. Coating stem to protect from Sunburn and Frost:
    A) Black color  |  B) White wash (Lime)  |  C) Paint  |  D) Soil
36. Min height of 'Barbed Wire' fence:
    A) 0.5 meter  |  B) 1.5 meters  |  C) 5 meters  |  D) 10 meters
37. Design of 'Basin' after planting:
    A) Inward slope  |  B) Outward slope (water shouldn't touch stem)  |  C) Flat  |  D) None
38. Another name for the Hexagonal system:
    A) Filler system  |  B) Equilateral triangle system  |  C) Contour  |  D) None
39. Mango variety suitable for High Density Planting (HDP):
    A) Chausa  |  B) Amrapali (2.5x2.5 m)  |  C) Langra  |  D) Dashehari
40. Objective of 'Mulching' around plants:
    A) Moisture conservation & weed control  |  B) Pest increase  |  C) Soil removal  |  D) None
41. Type of fence is Henna (Mehandi):
    A) Dead fence  |  B) Live hedge  |  C) Wire fence  |  D) None
42. Where is the 'Base line' drawn during layout?
    A) Center of field  |  B) Parallel to road or fence (flat edge)  |  C) Slanting  |  D) Anywhere
43. Why water after filling pits?
    A) Settling of soil  |  B) Growing seeds  |  C) Cooling  |  D) None
44. When is 'Drainage' needed in an orchard?
    A) Summer  |  B) Heavy rain or waterlogging  |  C) Always  |  D) Never
45. What to do with Filler plants when main trees grow large?
    A) Keep them  |  B) Remove them (space for main tree)  |  C) Prune them  |  D) None