6. Manufacturing Industries

*नोट: यह सेक्शन रिवीजन के लिए है। अपना ज्ञान परखने के लिए ऊपर दिए गए क्विज़ में भाग लें।

1. Production of goods in large quantities after processing from raw materials to more valuable products is called:
   A) Farming  |  B) Manufacturing  |  C) Trade  |  D) Mining
2. In which sector of economy do manufacturing industries fall?
   A) Primary  |  B) Secondary  |  C) Tertiary  |  D) Service sector
3. Which is the oldest and largest industry of India?
   A) Iron-Steel  |  B) Cotton Textile  |  C) Sugar  |  D) Jute
4. Where was the first jute mill established in the country?
   A) Bombay  |  B) Rishra (near Calcutta)  |  C) Surat  |  D) Kanpur
5. Which is called the 'Basic Industry'?
   A) Sugar industry  |  B) Iron and Steel industry  |  C) Cotton textile  |  D) Paper
6. When and where was the first successful cotton textile mill set up in India?
   A) 1854, Bombay  |  B) 1855, Bengal  |  C) 1900, Delhi  |  D) 1850, Surat
7. What is the raw material for iron and steel industry?
   A) Iron ore  |  B) Coking coal  |  C) Limestone  |  D) All of the above
8. Which city is called the 'Electronic Capital' of India?
   A) Delhi  |  B) Bengaluru  |  C) Hyderabad  |  D) Mumbai
9. What is India's rank in the world in sugar production?
   A) First  |  B) Second  |  C) Third  |  D) Fifth
10. What is the main objective of Software Technology Parks (STPI)?
    A) Increasing farming  |  B) Providing software export and services  |  C) Making vehicles  |  D) None of these
11. Bhilai and Durgapur steel plants fall under which category?
    A) Private sector  |  B) Public Sector  |  C) Joint sector  |  D) None of these
12. What is India's position in Jute production in the world?
    A) First  |  B) Second  |  C) Tenth  |  D) None of these
13. What is the main raw material for the cement industry?
    A) Coal  |  B) Limestone  |  C) Gypsum  |  D) Iron
14. Where was TISCO established?
    A) Bhilai  |  B) Jamshedpur  |  C) Bokaro  |  D) Visakhapatnam
15. An example of 'Light Industries' is:
    A) Iron Steel  |  B) Electrical goods (like fans, bulbs)  |  C) Cement  |  D) Petrochemicals
16. Where was the first fertilizer plant set up in India?
    A) Ranipet (Tamil Nadu)  |  B) Sindri  |  C) Baroda  |  D) None of these
17. What is the main cause of air pollution?
    A) Planting trees  |  B) Smoke and poisonous gases (like SO2, CO)  |  C) Water  |  D) Soil
18. What is the importance of the Golden Quadrilateral highway for industries?
    A) Decoration  |  B) Quick transport of raw material and finished goods  |  C) None  |  D) Only tourism
19. What is most essential for Aluminium smelting?
    A) Only water  |  B) Availability of cheap and regular power  |  C) Gold  |  D) None of these
20. Discharging industrial waste into rivers causes which pollution?
    A) Air  |  B) Water Pollution  |  C) Noise  |  D) None of these
21. Why is manufacturing considered the 'backbone of economic development'?
    A) It reduces dependence on agriculture  |  B) It generates employment  |  C) It brings foreign exchange  |  D) All of the above
22. Agriculture and industry are what to each other?
    A) Enemies  |  B) Complementary to each other  |  C) Separate  |  D) None of these
23. Physical factor affecting the location of industries is:
    A) Availability of raw material  |  B) Means of power  |  C) Favorable climate  |  D) All of the above
24. What are Agglomeration economies?
    A) Farming  |  B) Industries coming together to make use of advantages offered by urban centers  |  C) War  |  D) None of these
25. Why is the cotton textile industry decentralized?
    A) Cloth gets spoiled  |  B) To promote traditional techniques of weaving and embroidering  |  C) No electricity  |  D) None of these
26. Why are sugar mills shifting to South India (Maharashtra) in recent years?
    A) Cane there has higher sucrose content  |  B) Cooler climate ensures a longer crushing season  |  C) Both A and B  |  D) None of these
27. Why is the iron and steel industry called 'heavy industry'?
    A) Many people work in it  |  B) Both its raw material and finished goods are heavy and bulky  |  C) It is expensive  |  D) None of these
28. Why is aluminium used for making aircraft?
    A) It is cheap  |  B) It is light, resistant to corrosion and a good conductor  |  C) It is white  |  D) None of these
29. Why is the Chemical Industry called 'its own largest consumer'?
    A) Chemicals are used to produce other chemicals  |  B) Chemicals are poisonous  |  C) Lack of money  |  D) None of these
30. What is the main cause for the growth of the IT industry in India?
    A) Machines  |  B) Skilled human resource and technical expertise  |  C) Iron  |  D) Farming
31. What is Thermal Pollution caused by industrial pollution?
    A) Hot smoke  |  B) Discharging hot water into rivers without cooling  |  C) Sunlight increase  |  D) None of these
32. Approximately what percentage do manufacturing industries contribute to India's GDP?
    A) 5%  |  B) 17% (out of 27% total industrial sector)  |  C) 50%  |  D) 80%
33. Why are most jute mills in India located on the banks of Hugli river?
    A) Water there is dirty  |  B) Proximity of jute producing areas and cheap water transport  |  C) No people live there  |  D) None of these
34. An example of industries in the Cooperative Sector is:
    A) Reliance  |  B) Sugar industry in Maharashtra and coir industry in Kerala  |  C) Railway  |  D) TISCO
35. What role did 'Liberalization' play in the growth of the automobile industry?
    A) None  |  B) Availability of new models and increase in demand  |  C) Closed vehicles  |  D) None of these
36. Where was the first plant for cement industry established in 1904?
    A) Mumbai  |  B) Chennai  |  C) Kolkata  |  D) Delhi
37. Which country is the largest consumer of finished steel in India?
    A) Russia  |  B) India itself (Internal Consumption)  |  C) China  |  D) USA
38. Can industry and environment go hand-in-hand?
    A) No  |  B) Yes, through sustainable development and pollution control measures  |  C) Can't say  |  D) None of these
39. Who gets the main credit for the expansion of the fertilizer industry in India?
    A) White revolution  |  B) Green Revolution  |  C) Blue revolution  |  D) None of these
40. Who markets steel from public sector plants?
    A) Tata Steel  |  B) SAIL (Steel Authority of India Ltd.)  |  C) Govt of India directly  |  D) None of these
41. What is the function of Limestone in the process of steel making?
    A) Providing strength  |  B) Separating slag or as a fluxing agent  |  C) Giving color  |  D) None of these
42. Aluminium smelting is the second most important metallurgical industry in India due to:
    A) Shortage of copper and versatile properties of aluminium  |  B) It is cheap  |  C) It looks like gold  |  D) None of these
43. Major challenge before the cotton textile industry is:
    A) Erratic power supply and outdated machinery  |  B) Shortage of cotton  |  C) No demand  |  D) None of these
44. Why is the demand for jute products likely to increase in future?
    A) Due to being cheap  |  B) Being eco-friendly and biodegradable  |  C) Being strong  |  D) None of these
45. What is the ratio of iron ore, coking coal and limestone to make steel?
    A) 1:1:1  |  B) 4:2:1  |  C) 10:5:2  |  D) None of these
46. Why was the NMCC (National Manufacturing Competitiveness Council) set up?
    A) For playing  |  B) To increase growth rate and global competitiveness of manufacturing sector  |  C) To make soldiers  |  D) None of these
47. Petrochemicals are used for making which items?
    A) Sweets  |  B) Synthetic clothes, fertilizers and plastics  |  C) Bricks  |  D) Iron
48. What should industries do to prevent environmental degradation?
    A) Water recycling and waste management  |  B) Fitting filters in chimneys  |  C) Planting trees  |  D) All of the above
49. Why is the sugar industry in India basically a 'seasonal industry'?
    A) Cane doesn't grow year-round  |  B) Crushing period is fixed  |  C) Both A and B  |  D) None of these
50. India has no reserves of Potash, so what do we do?
    A) Make it ourselves  |  B) Import entirely  |  C) Don't use  |  D) None of these
51. Software parks are prominent in which cities of India?
    A) Bengaluru, Pune, Noida, Hyderabad  |  B) Only in villages  |  C) Only in desert  |  D) None of these
52. What is the impact of noise pollution on human health?
    A) Feeling hungry  |  B) Stress, hearing impairment and increased heart rate  |  C) Sleepiness  |  D) None of these
53. Why is Rainwater Harvesting necessary in industrial areas?
    A) For cleaning  |  B) To prevent falling ground-water levels  |  C) For fish farming  |  D) None of these
54. What is the main base of Organic Chemicals?
    A) Farming  |  B) Petrochemicals  |  C) Coal  |  D) Iron
55. An example of a Joint Sector industry is:
    A) TISCO  |  B) Oil India Limited  |  C) BHEL  |  D) Dabur
56. What is 'Sponge Iron' in the steel industry?
    A) Soft iron  |  B) Iron extracted directly from iron ore  |  C) Plastic iron  |  D) None of these
57. Is India capable of maintaining its lead in the software industry?
    A) No  |  B) Yes, due to continuous innovation and global service exports  |  C) Don't know  |  D) None of these
58. What does 'Environmental Audit' mean for industrial units?
    A) Counting money  |  B) Regular check of pollution levels and compliance with rules  |  C) Show  |  D) None of these
59. Why is the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) sector important?
    A) It is very large  |  B) It generates large numbers of jobs at local level  |  C) It is expensive  |  D) None of these
60. How are manufacturing industry and transport related?
    A) No relation  |  B) Deep relation (goods cannot reach market without transport)  |  C) Same  |  D) None of these